Monoxenic culture of Pratylenchus sudanensis on carrot disks, with evidence of differences in reproductive rates between geographical isolates

Abstract

Sterile carrot disks have been used successfully for monoxenic culture of root lesion nematodes such as Pratylenchus brachyurus (Moody et al., 1973) and P. vulnus (Townson & Lear, 1982), and excised maize roots have been used to rear P. penetrans (Tiner, 1960) and P. zeae (Jordaan & De Waele, 1988). Recent reports have indicated that P. sudanensis is causing damage to yams (Dioscorea spp.) in Uganda (Mudiope, 1999;Coyne et al., 2003). Information on the biology and epidemiology of P. sudanensis is very limited. It has been associated with over 20 plant species in Sudan, however, where it is viewed as an economically damaging pest of cotton (Saadabi, 1985). Other favourable hosts included sorghum, pigeon pea and lubia bean. Wheat and groundnut were viewed as non-hosts. In order to investigate further the biology of this nematode, a readily available source of nematode cultures would be needed. Therefore, sterile carrot disk and excised maize root methods were assessed for their ability to support mass culture of P. sudanensis. Materials and methodsThree separate geographical populations of P. sudanensis from Rakai, Masaka and Jinja Districts, Uganda, were used in the study, all originating from yam roots and tubers. The districts all border Lake Victoria, are at similar altitudes (approx 1500 m above sea level) and are in relatively close proximity to each other. For each isolate,

Reproductive fitness of five Pratylenchus thornei populations from Isparta Province in Turkey on sterile carrot discs, wheat and barley cultivars

“…Stoffelen et al (1999) reported that P. coffeae population of Honduras which isolated from banana was the higher reproductive fitness than Ghana and Vietnam P. coffeae populations on carrot discs. Mudiope et al (2004) found that on carrot discs all the life stages of P. sudanensis Jinja isolate had lower densities than Masaka and Rakai isolates. No male was found in all P. thornei populations on carrot discs in the current study.…”

“…After 6-10 hours, nematodes extracted using a modified Baermann funnel method. Each repetition of P. thornei populations of nematode suspensions was reduced to 15 ml and taken in centrifuge tubes (Mudiope et al, 2004). Nematode eggs, juveniles and females counted under the light microscope at 10X magnification.…”

“…There was no relationship between the reproductive fitness of P. vulnus populations including the first host plant from which the nematodes were isolated on carrot discs (Pinochet et al, 1994). Mudiope et al (2004) reported that difference in reproduction rates among the Jinja and the other isolates of P. sudanensis on carrot discs. Biological diversity among populations of the same species in Pratylenchus genus was reported by Pinochet et al (1994) and Hafez et al (1999).…”

Buğdayda Pratylenchus thornei ve Rhizoctonia solani Etkileşimi

“…Altı saat sonra nematodlar geliştirilmiş Baermann huni yöntemi kullanılarak ekstrakte edilmiştir. Mezurlar içerisinde elde edilen nematod süspansiyonlarının her bir tekrarı 15 ml'ye düşürülmüş ve santrifüj tüplerine alınmıştır [54]. Santrifüj tüplerinde nematodların dibe çökmesi için 4 saat beklendikten sonra üstteki sıvı atılarak 1 ml ye düşürülmüş ve dipteki kısımdan ergin+larva ışık mikroskobu altında 100X büyütmede sayılmıştır.…”

Cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta) provides an effective monoxenic culture media for Radopholus similis

“…This technique has since been adapted and employed for the monoxenic culture of a few root-lesion nematodes (see Kagoda et al, 2010;Santos et al, 2012). However, not all species are well adapted to this technique with some requiring months to develop, such as Pratylenchus sudanensis (Mudiope et al, 2004), and others proving unsuccessful, such as Helicotylenchus multicinctus (Speijer & De Waele, 1997). In addition, differences between carrot cultivars can lead to variations in nematode multiplication, with the most suitable cultivars not always available.…”