MONSOON Image Acquisition System

Starr, Barry Michael; Buchholz, Nicholas; Rahmer, Gustavo; Penegor, Jerry; Schmidt, R.; Warner, Michael; Merrill, K. M.; Claver, Charles F.; Ho, Y.; Chopra, Kaviraj; Mondaca, Eduardo; Shroff, Chirag; Shroff, D.

doi:10.1007/1-4020-2527-0_31

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Until now, the high sensitivity to small energy depositions of the Skipper sensors could not be exploited in scientific or technological applications, due to the lack of scientific grade equipment to operate them. Previous works with the sensor 10,11 were reported using modified existing electronics, such as the Monsoon controller 12,13 or the controllers developed by Leach et al [14][15][16] in extremely well-controlled experiments and without the possibility to scale or duplicate the system. The low threshold acquisition (LTA) readout electronics presented in this work is specifically designed to meet the requirements on this new scenario of the growing demand of the technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low threshold acquisition controller for Skipper charge-coupled devices

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Chavez

Chierchie

et al. 2021

J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst.

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The development of the Skipper-charge-coupled devices (Skipper-CCDs) has been a major technological breakthrough for sensing very weak ionizing particles. The sensor allows to reach the ultimate sensitivity of silicon material as a charge signal sensor by unambiguous determination of the charge signal collected by each cell or pixel, even for single electron-hole pair ionization. Extensive use of the technology was limited by the lack of specific equipment to operate the sensor at the ultimate performance. A simple, single-board Skipper-CCD controller designed by the authors is presented and aimed for the operation of the detector in high sensitivity scientific applications. Our article describes the main components and functionality of the so-called low threshold acquisition controller together with experimental results when connected to a Skipper-CCD sensor. Measurements show unprecedented deep subelectron noise of 0.039 e − rms ∕pix by nondestructively measuring the charge 5000 times in each pixel.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low threshold acquisition controller for Skipper charge-coupled devices

Cancelo

Chavez

Chierchie

et al. 2021

J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst.

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“…It shows a single stage preamp, CDS, PGA, ADC device on one side, and clock and bias circuitry on the other. This exact circuitry shown above is currently under test and evaluation for a single board CCD controller prototype that is part of the NOAO MONSOON development effort [12]. …”

Section: Focal Plane Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…LINUX There are three layers within the MONSOON architecture: the Supervisor Layer, the Pixel Acquisition Node (PAN) Layer, and the Detector Head Electronics (DHE) Layer. These layers and their functionality are described in more detail in another paper is this proceedings [12]. Extreme care has been taken to develop a system architecture, both hardware and software, that has well-defined interfaces, a rational partitioning of functionality, a framework for expandability or adaptation to differing needs, and support for both hardware and software component evolution.…”

Section: Image Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LSST Instrument Concept

et al. 2002

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The LSST Instrument is a wide-field optical (0.3 to 1um) imager designed to provide a three degree field-of-view with better than 0.2 arcsecond sampling. The image surface of the LSST is approximately 55cm in diameter with a curvature radius of 20 to 30 meters. The detector format is currently defined to be a circular mosaic of 568 2k x 2k devices faceted to synthesize this surface within the constraints of LSST's f/1.25 focal ratio. This camera will provide over 2.2 Gigapixels per image with a 2 second readout time. With an expected typical exposure time of as short as 10s, this will yield a nightly data set on order of 3 terapixels. The scale of the LSST Instrument is equivalent to a square mosaic of 47k x 47k. The LSST Instrument will also provide a filter mechanism, as well as optical shuttering capability. Imagers of this size pose interesting challenges in many design areas including detectors, interface electronics, data acquisition and processing pipelines, dewar construction, filter and shutter mechanisms. Further more, the LSST 3 mirror optical system places this instrument in a highly constrained volume where these challenges are compounded. Specific focus is being applied to meeting defined scientific performance requirements with an eye to total cost, system complexity, power consumption, reliability, and risk. This paper will describe the current efforts in the LSST Instrument Concept Design.

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“…It acts either as an inverting integrator or a non-inverting integrator depending on the states of switches S1 and S2. It is a different implementation approach from the more common and complex combination of a fixed inverting integrator with a re-configurable inverter/non-inverter buffer [18,19] , which requires additional switches and operational amplifiers.…”

Section: Analog Processing Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiplexed Readout for an Experiment with a Large Number of Channels Using Single-Electron Sensitivity Skipper-CCDs

Chavez

Chierchie

Sofo-Haro

et al. 2022

Sensors

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This paper presents the implementation of a multiplexed analog readout electronics system that can achieve single-electron counting using Skipper-CCDs with non-destructive readout. The proposed system allows the best performance of the sensors to be maintained, with sub-electron noise-level operation, while maintaining low-bandwidth data transfer, a minimum number of analog-to-digital converters (ADC) and low disk storage requirement with zero added multiplexing time, even for the simultaneous operation of thousands of channels. These features are possible with a combination of analog charge pile-up, sample and hold circuits and analog multiplexing. The implementation also aims to use the minimum number of components in circuits to keep compatibility with high-channel-density experiments using Skipper-CCDs for low-threshold particle detection applications. Performance details and experimental results using a sensor with 16 output stages are presented along with a review of the circuit design considerations.

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MONSOON Image Acquisition System

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Low threshold acquisition controller for Skipper charge-coupled devices

Low threshold acquisition controller for Skipper charge-coupled devices

LSST Instrument Concept

Multiplexed Readout for an Experiment with a Large Number of Channels Using Single-Electron Sensitivity Skipper-CCDs

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