Monsoon weather and early childhood health in India

Dimitrova, Anna; Bora, Jayanta Kumar

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0231479

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Conflicts play an important role, not only as a moderator, but also as a potential mediator of environmental effects 21,26,50,61,62 . Environmental conditions also have immediate effects on health and productivity 65,66 , which may further contribute to increasing human mobility [67][68][69][70] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A meta-analysis of country-level studies on environmental change and migration

et al. 2020

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The impact of climate change on migration has gained both academic and public interest in recent years. Here we employ a meta-analysis approach to synthesize the evidence from 30 country-level studies which estimate the effect of slow and rapid-onset events on migration worldwide. Most studies find that environmental hazards affect migration, although with contextual variation. Migration is primarily internal or to low-and middle-income countries. The strongest relationship is found in studies with a large share of non-OECD countries, particularly from Latin America and the Caribbean and Sub-Saharan Africa, and in studies of middle-income and agriculturally dependent countries. Income and conflict moderate and partly explain the relationship between environmental change and migration. Combining our estimates for differential migration responses with the observed environmental change in these countries during the past decades illustrates how the meta-analytic results can provide useful insights for the identification of potential hotspots of environmental migration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A meta-analysis of country-level studies on environmental change and migration

et al. 2020

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“…Field sites were established in the rapidly eroding foothills of the North West Indian Himalaya, near Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India (Figures S1-S3). The climate is classified as humid subtropical (Köppen Climate Classification; Dimitrova & Bora, 2020). Monthly mean air temperatures range from 37.0°C in May to 4.0°C in January, and mean annual rainfall is 1600 mm, with approximately 80% falling during the monsoon period from June to September (Ghosh et al, 2016).…”

Section: Study Area and Field Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil burial reduces decomposition and offsets erosion‐induced soil carbon losses in the Indian Himalaya

Sankar

Hartley

Cressey

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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Soil erosion is the most ubiquitous form of land degradation in sloping landscapes subject to poor land management and increased levels of storm intensity due to climate change (Olsson et al., 2019). More than 70% (130 Mha) of India's arable land area is classified as degraded, largely caused by the intensification of agricultural production in response to rapid population growth (Prăvălie et al., 2021), with 23% classified as having severe or very severe erosion (erosion exceeding 20 t ha −1 year −1 ; Mandal et al., 2020). The Indian Himalayan region is one of the most severe soil erosion hotspots on Earth. Clearance of native vegetation for agriculture on the steeply sloping land here, coincident with high-intensity monsoonal rainfall and intensive tillage (the latter featuring typically low fertiliser inputs, crop residue removal and the loss of soil organic carbon [SOC]), exacerbates the naturally high risk of accelerated soil ero-

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“…[ 30 ] do not detect the impact of prenatal exposure to deficient rainfall on the height-for-age of Indonesian children. [ 31 ] find that droughts occurring in the prenatal period do not affect the weight-for-age of Indian children. Also in the context of India, [ 32 ] show that in-utero exposure to drought leads to an approximately 0.1 standard deviation decrease in child’s weight-for-age, which is close to our estimate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few studies examine the impacts of droughts that occur in the in-utero period on child health and the findings are quite mixed. For instance, [ 30 , 31 ] find that prenatal exposure to deficient rainfall does not have any effect on height-for-age and weight-for-age z-scores of Indonesian and Indian children, respectively. However, in the context of India, [ 32 ] detect negative impacts of in-utero exposure to drought on child’s weight-for-age.…”

Section: Overview Of Droughts In Bangladesh and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Droughts and child health in Bangladesh

Nguyen

2022

PLoS ONE

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This paper investigates the extent to which in-utero exposure to droughts influences the health outcomes of Bangladeshi children in early childhood. Exploiting the plausibly exogenous deviations of rainfall from the location-specific norms, we find that deficient rainfall during the prenatal period is harmful to child health. Specifically, in-utero exposure to droughts decreases the height-for-age, weight-for-height, and weight-for-age z-scores by 0.10, 0.11, and 0.11 standard deviations among children under five years old, respectively. Our heterogeneity analyses reveal that the adverse health setbacks fall disproportionately on children of disadvantaged backgrounds. Exploring the differential effects by trimesters of exposure, we further show that experiencing droughts during the second and the third trimesters leaves injurious effects on early childhood health.

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Monsoon weather and early childhood health in India

Cited by 37 publications

References 65 publications

A meta-analysis of country-level studies on environmental change and migration

A meta-analysis of country-level studies on environmental change and migration

Soil burial reduces decomposition and offsets erosion‐induced soil carbon losses in the Indian Himalaya

Droughts and child health in Bangladesh

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