“…Therefore, when assuming that the pulp is fully utilised the focus should shift towards the reduction of the physical exergy loss due to heating, cooling, freezing etc. The reduction of physical exergy losses can be done by process integration (Paudel et al, 2017), which can identify the most efficient heat exchange network configuration and consequently reducing any additional costs for external heating and cooling utilities. Based on the analysis described above for scenarios A and B, the identification of energy requirements and exergy losses was extended to the centralised and decentralised network configurations described in Figure 6.…”