Moringa oleifera Alkaloids Inhibited PC3 Cells Growth and Migration Through the COX-2 Mediated Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Abstract

Moringa oleifera Lam. (M. oleifera) is valuable plant distributed in many tropical and subtropical countries. It has a number of medicinal uses and is highly nutritious. M. oleifera has been shown to inhibit tumor cell growth, but this effect has not been demonstrated on prostate cancer cells. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of M. oleifera alkaloids (MOA) on proliferation and migration of PC3 human prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we elucidated the mechanism of these effects. The results showed that MOA inhibited proliferation of PC3 cells and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, MOA suppressed PC3 cell migration and inhibited the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-9. In addition, MOA significantly downregulated the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), β-catenin, phosphorylated glycogen synthase 3β, and vascular endothelial growth factor, and suppressed production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Furthermore, FH535 (β-catenin inhibitor) and MOA reversed PGE2-induced PC3 cell proliferation and migration, and the effects of MOA and FH535 were not additive. In vivo experiments showed that MOA (150 mg/kg) significantly inhibited growth of xenograft tumors in mice, and significantly reduced the protein expression levels of COX-2 and β-catenin in tumor tissues. These results indicate that MOA inhibits the proliferation and migration, and induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of PC3 cells. Additionally, MOA inhibits the proliferation and migration of PC3 cells through suppression of the COX-2 mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Potential Anti-aging Components From Moringa oleifera Leaves Explored by Affinity Ultrafiltration With Multiple Drug Targets

“…Moringa oleifera ( M. oleifera ) is native to India, and it is widely planted and used in tropical and subtropical areas in recent decades, due to its high nutritive values in proteins, amino acids, fats, minerals, and vitamins ( 3 ). In contrast, the complex and diverse chemical components including flavonoids, phenolic acids, glucosinolates, and nitrile glycosides in M. oleifera lead to its numerous pharmacological activities, for example, antioxidant ( 4 ), anti-inflammatory ( 5 ), antibacterial ( 6 ), anticancer ( 7 ), hypoglycemic ( 8 ), and hypolipidemic ( 9 ) activities. Therefore, M. oleifera has received increasing attention in recent years.…”

Astragalin Inhibits the Proliferation and Migration of Human Colon Cancer HCT116 Cells by Regulating the NF-κB Signaling Pathway

“…In the regulation of cell cycle phase, the nets work of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKS) plays an important role. Cyclin E is a key regulator involved in the G1/S phase of the cell cycle ( Xie et al, 2020 ). P21 and P27 were cyclin-dependent kinases inhibitors (CDKIS) that inhibited the activity of CDKS ( Lee et al, 2011 ).…”

Characterization of the structure, stability, and activity of hypoglycemic peptides fromMoringa oleiferaseed protein hydrolysates

“…For example, M. oleifera leaves can treat colitis; 21 M. oleifera alkaloids can be used to treat prostate cancer, and some ingredients in M. oleifera have been shown to exhibit DPP-IV inhibitory activity. 22,23 We have shown that M. oleifera seed ultrafiltration peptide components (<3 kDa) exhibit good hypoglycemic activity, but the specific peptide components and their physical and chemical properties have not yet been described.…”