Morning Exercise: Enhancement of Afternoon Sprint-Swimming Performance

McGowan, Courtney; Pyne, David B.; Thompson, Kevin G.; Raglin, John S.; Rattray, Ben

doi:10.1123/ijspp.2016-0276

Cited by 21 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…Resultados: Os atletas apresentaram decréscimo no tempo total de vigília (Δ = -13%; Tamanho do Efeito (TE) = 1,0) e latência de sono (Δ = -33%; TE = 0,7), e aumento do tempo total de sono (Δ = 13%; TE = 1,1; p = 0,04) entre o baseline e o período de intervenção pré-competição. Nós identificamos melhorias no TR (Δ = -2,2% à -1,0%; TE = 0,2 a 0, 5)…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…1,2 The circadian variation on the sporting performance has been researched since the end of the 60´s, with major emphasis from the 90´s. 1 The consensus is that the majority of the physical performance rhythms reaches a plateau between 3:00 -9:00 p.m.. 1,[5][6][7] At the end of afternoon or beginning of night, the body temperature, the strength and flexibility are in acrophase (major peaks), contributing to a better performance at this time. 4 Additionally, the circadian rhythms may be influenced by external factors, called zeitgeibers, such as light and dark phases of the day, 8 application of exogenous light, 9 time of food ingestion and physical exercise, 10 as well as the regular physical training in specific time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Additionally, the circadian rhythms may be influenced by external factors, called zeitgeibers, such as light and dark phases of the day, 8 application of exogenous light, 9 time of food ingestion and physical exercise, 10 as well as the regular physical training in specific time. 5,11 Among the sporting modalities, swimming is considered a peculiar case when one observes the influence of time to train and performance. Swimmers perform their first training session in the morning (for example, 6:00-8:00 a. m.) and another session at the end of the afternoon, between 4:00 -6:00 p. m.. 5 Results from different studies have indicated improvement on the times of sprint during the day 5,12 with a peak at the beginning of the night.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,11 Among the sporting modalities, swimming is considered a peculiar case when one observes the influence of time to train and performance. Swimmers perform their first training session in the morning (for example, 6:00-8:00 a. m.) and another session at the end of the afternoon, between 4:00 -6:00 p. m.. 5 Results from different studies have indicated improvement on the times of sprint during the day 5,12 with a peak at the beginning of the night. These daily variations oscillate from 3 to 21.2%, depending on the tested population, on the muscle groups tested and on the experimental design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The swimmers classify for the finals, will have to compete during the afternoon/night of the following day. 5 This fact made trainers and physical assistants to prescribe trainings that would coincide with the same time as the competitions were to take place. We must also point out that the competition timetable is, sometimes, defined to conform to the typical activities of spectators and TV audiences, in detriment of the athletes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Duration and Quality of Sleep in Sprint and Recovery Performances Among Elite Swimmers

Mello

Simim

Narciso

et al. 2020

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Introduction: Circadian rhythms can impact athletes' sports performance, where the plateau occurs between 15 and 21 hours. Swimming is a peculiar case, as athletes perform training and final sessions in competitions at different times, as in the Rio2016 Olympic Games for example, where the semifinal and final competitions took place from ten o'clock at night. Objectives: (1) to present the protocol of an intervention performed with elite athletes of the Brazilian swimming team during the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio; (2) to find out whether the time at which the competitions were held affected the swimming performances of these athletes during the competition. Materials and Methods: Fourteen athletes of the Brazilian swimming team (males: n= 10; 71% and females: n= 4; 29%) participated in the study. They were followed up during two preparation periods (baseline and intervention) for the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio during June and July 2016. During the competition, we recorded the Reaction Time (RT) and Competition Time (CT) of each athlete in different modalities. The intervention strategies used were light therapy and sleep hygiene. The values of RT at the starting block and CT were registered and conferred with the official results. Results: The athletes showed a decrease in the total time awake (Δ = −13%; Effect size [ES] = 1.0) and sleep latency (Δ = −33%; ES = 0.7), and an increase in total sleep time (Δ = 13%; ES = 1.1; p = 0.04) between the baseline and the period of the intervention, pre-competition. We identified an improvement in the RT (Δ = −2.2% to −1.0%; ES = 0.2 to 0.5) during the competition only for the athletes who participated in the competition finals. Conclusion: We conclude that the intervention carried out was effective in mitigating any negative influence of competition time on the RT and CT of elite athletes of the Brazilian swimming team. Level of evidence II; Prospective comparative study.

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Section: Introductionunclassified