Morphine Inhalation Versus Intravenous Infusion in Pain Treatment After Abdominal Surgery

Efficacy and safety of nebulized morphine given at 2 different doses compared to IV titrated morphine in trauma pain

“…Most available studies used inhaled or intranasal opioids either as a preinduction anesthesia or as postsurgery analgesia but less often in the ED [25][26][27][28][29][30]. In our study, we used nebulization, as this method allows provision of great amount of drug and would provide simple and available analgesia without the need for IV access [26][27][28][29][30]. It was demonstrated that this route of opioid administration was as efficient as conventional IV delivery [13,15,31,32].…”

“…Pulmonary route of delivery was proposed as one of these methods [23,24]. Most available studies used inhaled or intranasal opioids either as a preinduction anesthesia or as postsurgery analgesia but less often in the ED [25][26][27][28][29][30]. In our study, we used nebulization, as this method allows provision of great amount of drug and would provide simple and available analgesia without the need for IV access [26][27][28][29][30].…”

Paediatric prehospital analgesia in Auckland

“…21,22 Figures quoted as a percentage of total respondents who indicated, with a tick, each factor to be of major, minor or no importance ( n = 48). Small series and individual cases have used nebulized morphine [23][24][25] and fentanyl 26 in adults. Peak serum levels have been achieved between 10 and 30 min for both drugs.…”

Morphine pharmacokinetics after pulmonary administration from a novel aerosol delivery system*

“…Predicted lung delivery efficiency, given by the product of emitted dose and respirable fraction (i.e., percent of aerosol droplets ~5.7 pm), was 53.4% (relative standard deviation, 3.4%). The percentage of loaded dose emitted as an aerosol was 61.1% (relative standard deviation, 12.8%; 12 = 10) of which 87.4% (relative standard deviation, 3.4%) contained aerosol droplets in the respirable range.…”