Morphogenesis of peri‐implant mucosa revisited: an experimental study in humans

Tomasi, Cristiano; Tessarolo, Francesco; Caola, Iole; Wennström, Jan L.; Nollo, Giandomenico; Berglundh, Tord

doi:10.1111/clr.12223

Cited by 138 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Peri‐implant tissues maintenance and long‐term stability remain a challenge in several oral rehabilitation cases. However, the evolution of prosthetic abutment composition and surface texture has shown to improve the peri‐implant health . This study proposed a biofunctionalized prosthetic abutment by analyzing physico‐chemical and morphological properties, SIM release, and biocompatibility of titanium (Ti) disks coated with PLGA incorporating SIM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Titanium coated with poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid incorporating simvastatin: Biofunctionalization of dental prosthetic abutments

Littuma

Sordi

Curtarelli

et al. 2019

J of Periodontal Research

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Objective To propose a biofunctionalized prosthetic abutment by analyzing physico‐chemical and morphological properties, simvastatin (SIM) release, and biocompatibility of titanium (Ti) disks coated with poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid (PLGA) incorporating SIM. Methods Titanium disks (8 × 3 mm) were distributed into four groups: Ti: pure Ti; Ti + PLGA: Ti coated with PLGA; Ti + PLGA + SIM6%: Ti + PLGA with 6% SIM; and Ti + PLGA + SIM0.6%: Ti + PLGA incorporating 0.6% SIM. PLGA was prepared through chloroform evaporation technique. After complete dissolution of PLGA, SIM was diluted in the solution. Ti + PLGA, Ti + PLGA + SIM6%, and Ti + PLGA + SIM0.6% were dip coated with PLGA and PLGA + SIM, respectively. Samples were sterilized by ethylene oxide. For SIM release assay, disks were submerged in PBS, pH 7.4, 37°C, 30 rpm up to 600 hours. At different time intervals, SIM was quantified by spectrophotometry (238 nm). For characterization of the biomaterial components, it was performed Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical profilometry, and atomic force microscopy. Biocompatibility analyses were performed by MTS colorimetric assay on murine fibroblasts L929, human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs). Absorbance was measured at 490 nm, and percentages of viable cells were calculated in relation to positive control (Ti). SEM images were obtained to verify cell adhesion and morphology. One‐way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test was applied (P < 0.05) for statistical analyses. Results SIM release was slow and continuous, reaching about 21% of the incorporated SIM after 600 hours. Topographical analyses revealed success in coating Ti disks with PLGA incorporating SIM. Regarding biocompatibility test, Ti + PLGA + SIM0.6% showed the highest percentage of L929 viability at days 3 and 7. There was no significant difference for Ti, Ti + PLGA, and Ti + PLGA + SIM0.6% groups on cell viability of both SHEDs and HGFs at days 3 and 7. SEM corroborates that SHEDs and HGFs were able to adhere and proliferate on Ti, Ti + PLGA, and Ti + PLGA + SIM0.6% surfaces. Conclusion A slow and controlled release of SIM was achieved, attributed to a diffusional mass transfer mechanism. Moreover, a homogenous coating topography was obtained. Additionally, 0.6% SIM incorporated into PLGA coating improved fibroblasts L929 viability compared to titanium or PLGA. Also, 0.6% SIM incorporated into PLGA promoted cell viability of about 100% for HGFs and approximately 150% for human mesenchymal stem cells. Therefore, this study allows to consider the use of PLGA‐coated titanium incorporating SIM as a biofunctionalized abutment for dental implants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the mentioned high success rate of osseointegrated implants, bone loss has been observed around implants over the time . Abutment material composition and surface texture may have an important role on the stability and health of the peri‐implant soft and hard tissues …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Titanium coated with poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid incorporating simvastatin: Biofunctionalization of dental prosthetic abutments

Littuma

Sordi

Curtarelli

et al. 2019

J of Periodontal Research

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“…A detailed description of the experimental device and the procedures used to collect the soft tissue biopsy was reported previously (Tomasi et al. ). Briefly, 27 implants were installed in 21 partially edentulous patients.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early healing of peri‐implant mucosa in man

Tomasi

Tessarolo

Caola

et al. 2016

J Clinic Periodontology

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“…Soft tissue around implants has also been found thicker than around teeth. This was first described in animals (Berglundh et al., 1991) and confirmed by human biopsies (Tomasi et al., 2014). Parpaiola et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do peri‐implant biologic parameters correspond with implant survival and peri‐implantitis? A critical review

Doornewaard

Jacquet

Cosyn

et al. 2018

Clinical Oral Implants Res

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ObjectivesThe aim of this critical review was to evaluate whether commonly used biologic diagnostic parameters correspond to implant survival and peri‐implantitis prevalence.Materials and methodsPublications from 2011 to 2017 were selected by an electronic search using the Pubmed database of the US National Library of Medicine. Prospective and retrospective studies with a mean follow‐up time of at least 5 years and reporting prevalence of peri‐implantitis as well as mean bone loss and standard deviation were selected. The correlation between reported prevalence of peri‐implantitis and reported implant survival, mean follow‐up time, mean bone loss, mean probing depth, and mean bleeding on probing was calculated. Mean bone loss and standard deviation were used for estimation of proportion of implants with bone loss exceeding 1, 2, and 3 mm.ResultsFull‐text analysis was performed for 255 papers from 4,173 available ones, and 41 met all the inclusion criteria. The overall mean weighted survival rate was 96.9% (89.9%–100%) and the reported prevalence of peri‐implantitis ranged between 0% and 39.7%, based on 15 different case definitions. The overall weighted bone loss was 1.1 mm based on 8,182 implants and an average mean loading time ranging from 5 to 20 years. No correlation was found between mean bone loss and the reported prevalence of peri‐implantitis. The estimated prevalence of implants with bone loss above 2 mm was 23%. The overall weighted mean probing depth was 3.3 mm, and mean weighted bleeding was 52.2%. Only a weak correlation was found between survival and function time (r = −0.49). There was no relation between the probing depth or bleeding and the mean bone loss, mean follow‐up time, and reported prevalence of peri‐implantitis.ConclusionBiologic parameters mean probing depth and mean bleeding on probing do not correlate with mean bone loss and this irrespective of follow‐up. Case definition for peri‐implantitis varied significantly between studies indicating that an unambiguous definition based on a specified threshold for bone loss is not agreed upon in the literature.

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Morphogenesis of peri‐implant mucosa revisited: an experimental study in humans

Abstract: It is suggested that the new human model provides advantages in terms of cost-effectiveness in research as well as from ethical aspects and should be considered as an alternative to pre-clinical in vivo studies in animals.

Cited by 138 publications

References 23 publications

Titanium coated with poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid incorporating simvastatin: Biofunctionalization of dental prosthetic abutments

Titanium coated with poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid incorporating simvastatin: Biofunctionalization of dental prosthetic abutments

Early healing of peri‐implant mucosa in man

How do peri‐implant biologic parameters correspond with implant survival and peri‐implantitis? A critical review

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