Morphogenetically-Active Barrier Membrane for Guided Bone Regeneration, Based on Amorphous Polyphosphate

Abstract

We describe a novel regeneratively-active barrier membrane which consists of a durable electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) net covered with a morphogenetically-active biohybrid material composed of collagen and inorganic polyphosphate (polyP). The patch-like fibrous collagen structures are decorated with small amorphous polyP nanoparticles (50 nm) formed by precipitation of this energy-rich and enzyme-degradable (alkaline phosphatase) polymer in the presence of calcium ions. The fabricated PCL-polyP/collagen hybrid mats are characterized by advantageous biomechanical properties, such as enhanced flexibility and stretchability with almost unaltered tensile strength of the PCL net. The polyP/collagen material promotes the attachment and increases the viability/metabolic activity of human mesenchymal stem cells compared to cells grown on non-coated mats. The gene expression studies revealed that cells, growing onto polyP/collagen coated mats show a significantly (two-fold) higher upregulation of the steady-state-expression of the angiopoietin-2 gene used as an early marker for wound healing than cells cultivated onto non-coated mats. Based on our results we propose that amorphous polyP, stabilized onto a collagen matrix, might be a promising component of functionally-active barrier membranes for guided tissue regeneration in medicine and dentistry.

Osteo-Immunomodulatory Role of Interleukin-4-Immobilized Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation Membranes for Bone Regeneration

“…Due to its successful clinical uses over the years, barrier membrane-guided bone regeneration has attracted more and more interest. 24 PCL is one of the most promising biomaterials for barrier membranes due to its exceptional biocompatibility and bioresorbability. 25 Although the FDA has already approved a number of PCL-based drug delivery devices for tissue regeneration, 26 PCL's intrinsic hydrophobicity and limited wettability are significant drawbacks, and as a result, surface modification is necessary to unlock the full potential of PCL-based materials.…”

“…Due to its successful clinical uses over the years, barrier membrane-guided bone regeneration has attracted more and more interest . PCL is one of the most promising biomaterials for barrier membranes due to its exceptional biocompatibility and bioresorbability .…”

Amorphous polyphosphate, a smart bioinspired nano-/bio-material for bone and cartilage regeneration: towards a new paradigm in tissue engineering

“…After incubation the three samples were obtained by centrifugation and added at the same concentration (50 mg ml À1 ) to cultures of human MSC or SaOS-2 cells. 182 The polyP deposits remaining after incubation in PBS (polyP-PBS sediment) hardly changed the arrangement of the MSC on the plates during a 24 h-incubation (Fig. 11E).…”