Morphologic variation of two key biostratigraphical proteaceous-like pollen taxa across the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary in northern South America

Cárdenas, Damián; Parra, Felipe de la; Espinoza-Campuzano, Cesar Augusto

doi:10.1080/00173134.2019.1572785

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…minutiporus (Muller 1968) Jaramillo & Dilcher 2001, Amaogugu 1.1 (F34,4), 36. Echitriporites suescae (Van der Hammen 1954) Cárdenas, de La Parra & Espinoza-Campuzano 2019, Okigwe B2.1 (T32), 37. Echitriporites suescae (Van der Hammen 1954) Cárdenas, de La Parra & Espinoza-Campuzano 2019, Okigwe B2.1 (M38,3), high focal plane, 38.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Echitriporites suescae (Van der Hammen 1954) Cárdenas, de La Parra & Espinoza-Campuzano 2019, Okigwe B2.1 (T32), 37. Echitriporites suescae (Van der Hammen 1954) Cárdenas, de La Parra & Espinoza-Campuzano 2019, Okigwe B2.1 (M38,3), high focal plane, 38. Echitriporites suescae (Van der Hammen 1954) Cárdenas, de La Parra & Espinoza-Campuzano 2019, Okigwe B2.1 (M38,3), low focal plane, 39.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparisons. Echitriporites suescae (Van her Hammen 1954) Cárdenas, de La Parra & Espinoza-Campuzano 2019 is triangular obtuse-straight and has shorter spines (<1 µm).…”

Section: Systematic Palaeontologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Descriptive systematics of Upper Palaeocene–Lower Eocene pollen and spores from the northern Niger Delta, south-eastern Nigeria

Mander

Oboh‐Ikuenobe

2023

Palynology

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Fossil pollen and spores are a vital source of information on the geological history of tropical vegetation including reconstructions of vegetation diversity and composition. However, such work relies on a sound taxonomic framework, and this is challenging to achieve because of the large number of pollen and spore morphotypes that are encountered in palynological preparations from tropical sediments. In tropical West Africa, for example, extensive taxonomic work on Cretaceous-Paleogene pollen and spores was undertaken in the later part of the twentieth century, but more recent palynological work has focussed on stratigraphy and basin evolution, and there is a need for additional taxonomic work on the pollen and spores of this region. We have undertaken a descriptive systematic study of pollen and spores (sporomorphs) from 15 sediment samples spanning the Upper Palaeocene-Lower Eocene of south-eastern Nigeria. A palynoflora consisting of 29 spores, two gymnosperm pollen grains, and 138 angiosperm pollen grains is described. Two new spore species are proposed, and one new genus and 18 new species of angiosperm pollen are proposed. The general vegetation type represented by the palynoflora consists of palm-dominated swamps, perhaps with mangroves. The richness of each sample ranges from 29 to 76 sporomorph taxa, and rarefaction analysis suggests an increase in diversity from the Palaeocene to the Eocene in this region. Samples from the Palaeocene Upper Nsukka Formation are dominated by pollen with botanical affinities to the Arecaceae (palms) and Araceae (arums), and this assemblage is very similar to the Palaeocene in the Neotropics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Descriptive systematics of Upper Palaeocene–Lower Eocene pollen and spores from the northern Niger Delta, south-eastern Nigeria

Mander

Oboh‐Ikuenobe

2023

Palynology

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“…Pollen morphological characters have been widely used in defining evolutionary trends (Lumaga et al 2006; Gomankov 2009; Zare et al 2014). A morphological analysis including quantitative variables was recently applied in fossil pollen grains of two species of Proteaceae from the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary, resulting in a clear taxonomic differentiation (Cárdenas et al 2019). However, studies dealing with morphological analyses of fossil spores or pollen grains are still scarce (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate analysis of Lower Cretaceous monosulcate pollen from central-western Argentina

2022

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Monosulcate pollen grains are an important component of the Mesozoic palynofloras around the world. These type of grains are produced by several groups of plants and because of the morphological similarities among them, their taxonomic determination is difficult. Currently, there is scarce information about morphological differences of monosulcate pollen grains and this makes their botanical affinity in fossil specimens challenging. In this work, we analyzed statistically the morphological features of monosulcate fossil pollen grains recovered from six palynological assemblages from the Lower Cretaceous Lagarcito Formation of central-western Argentina. We used our own fossil dataset and data from the description of monosulcate pollen grains published from Cretaceous cycadalean in situ male cones from Patagonia. Furthermore, morphological variables from selected living species were added to support the analysis. According to our results, two main groups with clear morphological features were characterized among fossils. The use of an extant dataset allowed us to support the exine sculpture as an important variable when characterizing fossil pollen grains. Finally, our fossil dataset showed similarities with the in-situ pollen grains from the cycadalean cone species Androstrobus munku and Androstrobus patagonicus. This work is the first attempt to identify different morphological types among fossil monosulcate pollen grains recovered from the Lagarcito Formation of central-western Argentina. Our results will contribute to elucidate morphological variations in fossil pollen grains and may improve future taxonomic studies.

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“…Decades ago, there were no appropriate statistical tools to discriminate and differentiate subtly different forms of pollen grains [26]. Currently, several studies have solved this problem using geometry morphometric [26][27][28]. In this context, quantitative morphology can be an effective tool for quantifying morphological differences in microscale [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geometry morphometrics of plant structures as a phenotypic tool to differentiate Polylepis incana Kunth. and Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav. reforested jointly in Ecuador

Guamba

Corredor

Galárraga

et al. 2021

Neotropical Biodiversity

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In Ecuador, there is a progressive loss of the native forest. To mitigate these problems, several reforestation plans have been carried out in the country. To recover the Andean forest, Polylepis racemosa was introduced from Peru, due to its similarity to native species like Polylepis incana. This genus fulfills important ecological functions that help mitigate the effects of local climate change. However, reforestation of introduced species close to natural populations threatens the genetic diversity of Polylepis native forests. In the long term, it can trigger hybridization processes and create problems for ecosystem conservation. This study used geometry morphometric (GM), to differentiate species quickly and economically, using the form of leaves, stomata, flowers, and pollen of P. incana and P. racemosa in three populations: Illinizas Ecological Reserve, Mojanda Lagoons and Cayambe-Coca National Park. To obtain the data, the composite leaves were scanned, the stomata and pollen were photographed with an increase of 400× and on flowers with 100×. 15, 10, 12, and 9 landmarks (LM) were digitized for leaves, stomata, flowers, and pollen, respectively, using ImageJ software. Then, the shape variables and statistical analysis were performed in MorphoJ software. As a result, it was obtained that the discriminant function analysis (DFA) shows that leaves and flowers can be used as indicators to differentiate species from this genus, discarding stomata and pollen. After that, Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) of leaves and flowers showed that reforested species jointly are separated into two different species; except for the flowers of the population of Mojanda, where there is an intersection of few individuals, which share similar phenotypic characteristics so they can be considered as potentially hybrid individuals. This study generates information on the location of species introduced inside and outside the National System of Protected Areas that threaten the Andean highlands. Finally, GM is an accessible tool for monitoring biodiversity through morphological characteristics and discriminating against species with complex taxonomic problems.

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Morphologic variation of two key biostratigraphical proteaceous-like pollen taxa across the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary in northern South America

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Descriptive systematics of Upper Palaeocene–Lower Eocene pollen and spores from the northern Niger Delta, south-eastern Nigeria

Descriptive systematics of Upper Palaeocene–Lower Eocene pollen and spores from the northern Niger Delta, south-eastern Nigeria

Multivariate analysis of Lower Cretaceous monosulcate pollen from central-western Argentina

Geometry morphometrics of plant structures as a phenotypic tool to differentiate Polylepis incana Kunth. and Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav. reforested jointly in Ecuador

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