Morphological and allozymic variation within and between populations of Bythinella Moquin-Tandon, 1855 (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia). III. Phylogenetic analysis

Mazan, Krystyna; Szarowska, Magdalena

doi:10.12657/folmal.008.022

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Only Bythinella gloeeri (Clade III) and Bythinella stoychevae (Clade II) have been found to be molecularly distinct from Bythinella hansboetersi (Clade I). However, all morphological character states given in the descriptions of the Bulgarian species are variable even within a population in Bythinella (Falniowski 1987, Mazan 2000, Mazan and Szarowska 2000a, b). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the genetic structure of spring snail Bythinella (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea) in Bulgaria reflect geological history?

Osikowski¹,

Georgiev²,

Hofman³

et al. 2015

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Bythinella is a minute dioecious caenogastropod that inhabits springs in central and southern Europe. In the Balkans, previous studies have addressed its morphological and genetic differentiation within Greece and Romania while the Bulgarian species have remained poorly known. The aim of the present paper has been to expand the knowledge on the subject in Bulgaria. Shell morphology and anatomy of the reproductive organs were examined, and a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene and the nuclear ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS-1) were sequenced from 15 populations. Additional sequences from eight previously studied populations were included in our analyses. Phylogenetic analyses revealed five main mitochondrial DNA clades, which were partly confirmed by analyses of the ITS-1 sequences. The genetic differentiation between the clades was found to be in the range p=2.4-11.8%. Most of the populations belonged to clade I, representing Bythinella hansboetersi, and were distributed in SW Bulgaria. Clades II and III inhabit areas adjacent to clade I and were most closely related with the latter clade. Much more distinct were clade V, found at one locality in NW Bulgaria, and clade IV, found at one locality in SE Bulgaria, close to the sea. Four populations were found in caves, but only one of these represented a distinct clade. Considering the observed pattern of interpopulation differentiation of Bythinella in Bulgaria, we can suppose that isolation between clades I, II and III may have been caused by glaciations during the Pleistocene. The time of isolation between the above three clades and clade IV coincides with the Messinian Salinity Crisis, and the time of isolation between the clade V and the other four most probably reflects the isolation of the Rhodopes from western Balkan Mts by the seawater of the Dacic Basin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the genetic structure of spring snail Bythinella (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea) in Bulgaria reflect geological history?

Osikowski¹,

Georgiev²,

Hofman³

et al. 2015

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“…This is true for Bythinella spp., which show particularly high levels of uncertainty in species delimitation (e.g. Giusti & Pezzoli, 1977; Mazan & Szarowska, 2000; Szarowska & Wilke, 2004; Haase et al. , 2007; Benke et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of freshwater biodiversity in Europe: lessons from the spring snail genus Bythinella

Benke

Brändle

Albrecht

et al. 2011

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim We analyse patterns of biodiversity in the spring snail genus Bythinella, a group of highly isolated and stenotopic freshwater species. We aim to test: (1) whether there are European areas of increased diversity (i.e. 'hotspots'), (2) whether the potential hotspots inferred show qualitative differences in biodiversity characteristics such as endemicity, distinctiveness of taxa, age of lineages or degree of fragmentation, and (3) whether these hotspots match the Pleistocene refugia of Bythinella spp.Location Europe, Asia Minor. MethodsThe analyses are based on genetic data from 717 Bythinella specimens sampled at 194 sites. We used haplotypes as operational units in all analyses. To test hypothesis 1, mean pairwise genetic distances between Bythinella populations within each 1°· 1°geographical grid cell sampled in Europe were calculated. Within individual mountain ranges, grid cells with high diversity were grouped with neighbouring ones and hotspots were identified based on pre-defined criteria. Then, to test hypothesis 2, different biodiversity indices of these regions were calculated and compared. Finally, to test hypothesis 3, the spatial distribution of the identified hotspots was compared with the known Pleistocene refugia of Bythinella spp.Results Five areas showed increased levels of genetic diversity: the Massif Central/Pyrenees, the western and eastern Alps, and the western and eastern Carpathians. These regions showed qualitative differences in biodiversity, with the eastern Carpathians holding the highest number of (endemic) haplotypes, the oldest and most distinct lineages and the highest degree of fragmentation. Only three of the five detected hotspots matched previously identified Pleistocene refugia for Bythinella spp.Main conclusions The genetic diversity of Bythinella spp. is not randomly distributed throughout Europe. Some of the hotspots we identify coincide with those found in other freshwater taxa; others have not previously been reported. Thus, spring organisms may reflect a unique evolutionary history that is distinct from lentic and lotic taxa. Our findings may be useful for conservation purposes even though the species-level taxonomy of the genus is still under discussion.

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The Neglected Side of the Coin: Non-adaptive Radiations in Spring Snails (Bythinella spp.)

Wilke

Benke

Brändle

et al. 2010

Evolution in Action

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Morphological and allozymic variation within and between populations of Bythinella Moquin-Tandon, 1855 (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia). III. Phylogenetic analysis

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Does the genetic structure of spring snail Bythinella (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea) in Bulgaria reflect geological history?

Does the genetic structure of spring snail Bythinella (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea) in Bulgaria reflect geological history?

Patterns of freshwater biodiversity in Europe: lessons from the spring snail genus Bythinella

The Neglected Side of the Coin: Non-adaptive Radiations in Spring Snails (Bythinella spp.)

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