Morphological and cytological studies of Euphorbia hyssopifolia L. and Euphorbia heterophylla L. from Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Bolaji, Abolade Oluremi; Olojede, C.B.; Famurewa, A.A.; Faluyi, Julius Olaoye

doi:10.1016/j.nigjg.2015.06.003

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The chromosome counts showed diploid numbers of 2n = 18 for Euphorbia hirta and 2n = 12 for Euphorbia hyssopifolia (Figures 1–3), confirming previous results for both species (e.g. Wang et al 1999, Bolaji et al 2014). In general, the species of Euphorbia , in comparison with the entire family, are relatively well represented in the chromosome count lists of Euphorbiaceae members, with approximately 310 species of the genus (15.4%) with available chromosome numbers, which ranges from 2n = 12 (in Euphorbia akenocarpa Gussone, 1821 and several other species) to 2n = 120 (in Euphorbia royleana Gussone, 1821) (see Hans 1973, Rice et al 2015).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Unraveling the karyotype structure of the spurges Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus, 1753 and E. hyssopifolia Linnaeus, 1753 (Euphorbiaceae) using genome size estimation and heterochromatin differentiation

Santana

Pinangé

Vasconcelos

et al. 2016

CCG

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Euphorbia Linnaeus, 1753 (Euphorbiaceae) is one of the most diverse and complex genera among the angiosperms, showing a huge diversity in morphologic traits and ecologic patterns. In order to improve the knowledge of the karyotype organization of Euphorbia hirta (2n = 18) and Euphorbia hyssopifolia (2n = 12), cytogenetic studies were performed by means of conventional staining with Giemsa, genome size estimations with flow cytometry, heterochromatin differentiation with chromomycin A3 (CMA) and 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and Giemsa C-banding, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with 45S and 5S rDNA probes, and impregnation with silver nitrate (AgNO3). Our results revealed small metacentric chromosomes, CMA+/DAPI0 heterochromatin in the pericentromeric regions of all chromosomes and CMA+/DAPI− in the distal part of chromosome arms carriers of nucleolar organizing regions (NORs). The DNA content measurements revealed small genomes for both species: Euphorbia hirta with 2C = 0.77 pg and Euphorbia hyssopifolia with 2C = 1.41 pg. After FISH procedures, Euphorbia hirta, and Euphorbia hyssopifolia presented three and four pairs of terminal 45S rDNA sites, respectively, colocalizing with CMA+ heterochromatic blocks, besides only one interstitial pair of 5S rDNA signals. Additionally, the maximum number of active NORs agreed with the total number of observed 45S rDNA sites. This work represents the first analysis using FISH in the subfamily Euphorbioideae, revealing a significant number of chromosomal markers, which may be very helpful to understand evolutionary patterns among Euphorbia species.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Unraveling the karyotype structure of the spurges Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus, 1753 and E. hyssopifolia Linnaeus, 1753 (Euphorbiaceae) using genome size estimation and heterochromatin differentiation

Santana

Pinangé

Vasconcelos

et al. 2016

CCG

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“…Cyathia axillary and terminal, single or in small cymes, glands 4, yellow-green, appendages white or pale pink. Capsule triangular, ovoid, seeds are blackish, each side has 3 or 4 transverse furrows, caruncle being absent (6,7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Euphorbia hyssopifolia L. against MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cell Line

AZAAT

BABOJİAN

ISSA

2022

Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry

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Euphorbia hyssopifolia L. is an annual herb producing toxic latex. To our knowledge, this study is the first one that focuses on accurately identifying the bioactive compounds in E. hyssopifolia and evaluating its antioxidant and anti-breast cancer activities. Phytochemical qualitative screening tests were performed. Total phenolic contents (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) were determined by Folin Ciocalteu and Aluminum chloride methods, respectively. Bioactive compounds in E. hyssopifolia latex were identified by using GC-MS analysis. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS assays, and anticancer activity of latex against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line was studied using flow cytometry methods. Results revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, diterpenes, steroids, and cardiac glycosides in the plant, whereas saponins were absent. Latex outperformed methanolic 70% extract in terms of TPC and TFC (39.52 ± 0.36 mg GAE/g E and 28.66 ± 0.10 mg RE/g E, respectively). GC-MS analysis of E. hyssopifolia latex resulted in the identification of 26 compounds, of which triterpenoids constitute 67.0172%, followed by lupeol (23.7089%) and betulin (14.0098%). According to the reference studies, most of the compounds found in latex have many biological activities. Latex outperformed all extracts and ascorbic acid in terms of antioxidant activity (IC50= 0.029 mg/mL for DPPH, IC50= 0.001 mg/mL for ABTS). Flow cytometry methods revealed that E. hyssopifolia latex induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase (61%) and apoptosis (21.93%) of MDA-MB-231 cells after treating with latex at 10 µg/mL for 24 hours. However, more studies should be performed to explore bioactive compounds in E. hyssopifolia and determine the underlying mechanism of its latex anti-breast cancer effects.

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“…The previous study indicated cytologically various ploidy levels ranging from diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid to actaploid (2n=12-120). This indicate a significant role of polyploidy in evolution and speciation (14,15,21,22). The lowest chromosome number in Euphorbiaceae family is 2n=12 E.cornuta , while the highest was 2n=234 recorded in Antides mabuninus ( 51).…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In Iraq, this family contained about 7 genus and 51 species (34). Euphorbia L. is the largest genus in the spurge family with about 2100 cosmopolitan species (14). The genus comprises remarkable life form variability from annual to perennial herbs, shrubs, trees, succulent and xerophyte forms (19,42).…”

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confidence: 99%

Study of the Cytological and Micro-Morphological Characteristics of Some Species of the Genus Euphorbia L.BELONG to Euphorbiaceae Family , Using Electron Microscope in Iraq

Sulaiman¹

2020

Iraqi J. Agric. Sci.

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This study was aimed to investigate micro-morphological and cytological characteristics for sex species of Euphorbiaceae family in Baghdad during the two growing seasons 2018-2019 . The species are: Euphorbia granulate Forssk.,E.helioscopia L.,E. hirta L.,E. hypericifolia L., E. milli Des Moul .,E. puplus L. Which involved with morphological characters of pollen grains and seeds, as well the chromosomes number, and the study managed to count chromosome number for the above species sequentially:-n=11, n=21, n=9, n=16, n=14,18, n=7,8. The morphological characters of pollen grains surface has been studied by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), shape and size, polar and equatorial axes, spines length, dimensions of ora and colpi, and the ornamentations on pollen surface, and it has been observed that all the species are tri-zono-colporate, spinulose and spinate (echinated), and spinolophate fruite, and importance of the pollen grains in taxonomy. The study includes morphological characteristics of seeds by using (SEM) In terms of size, shape, color, and appearance of the seed surface(configuration). It has been shown that the seeds are significantly different from species to another. Species help to isolate and classify, and through relying on these characteristics, classification limits could be set, whether at the level of species or genus within each family.

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Morphological and cytological studies of Euphorbia hyssopifolia L. and Euphorbia heterophylla L. from Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Unraveling the karyotype structure of the spurges Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus, 1753 and E. hyssopifolia Linnaeus, 1753 (Euphorbiaceae) using genome size estimation and heterochromatin differentiation

Unraveling the karyotype structure of the spurges Euphorbia hirta Linnaeus, 1753 and E. hyssopifolia Linnaeus, 1753 (Euphorbiaceae) using genome size estimation and heterochromatin differentiation

Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Euphorbia hyssopifolia L. against MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cell Line

Study of the Cytological and Micro-Morphological Characteristics of Some Species of the Genus Euphorbia L.BELONG to Euphorbiaceae Family , Using Electron Microscope in Iraq

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