Morphological and metabolic alterations in duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) on long-term low-level chronic UV-B exposure

Farooq, Muhammad; Shankar, Uma; Ray, Ratan Singh; Misra, R.B.; Agrawal, N K; Verma, K.; Hans, R.K.

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2005.01.011

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Our results on W. arrhiza under UV-B radiation are in full agreement with these previous reports. Moreover, our results clearly indicate that the photosynthetic pigments also are degraded by UV-B radiation; this finding is consistent with other research carried out on higher plants (Feng et al, 2003;Farooq et al, 2000Farooq et al, , 2005Pradhan et al, 2008) and implies that the amount of antenna size had been altered under UV-B radiation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Effects of UV-B radiation on photosynthesis activity of Wolffia arrhiza as probed by chlorophyll fluorescence transients

Wang

Hao

Anken

et al. 2010

Advances in Space Research

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Effects of UV-B radiation on photosynthesis activity of Wolffia arrhiza as probed by chlorophyll fluorescence transients

Wang

Hao

Anken

et al. 2010

Advances in Space Research

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“…3 were not like those affected by ABA or australifungin but similar to those affected by microcystin-RR according to photographs in the literature. Seven-day ultraviolet irradiation (at 0.4 mW/cm 2 intensity) induced morphological and metabolic alterations to duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza (Farooq et al 2005). These observations indicate that the malformation of duckweed fronds is a good indicator of water pollution because of chemical and physical effects.…”

Section: Malformation Of Duckweed Fronds By Pyrithione Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 87%

Effects of metal pyrithione antifoulants on freshwater macrophyte Lemna gibba G3 determined by image analysis

et al. 2012

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Copper pyrithione (CuPT(2)) and zinc pyrithione (ZnPT(2)) are two popular antifouling agents that prevent biofouling. Research into the environmental effects of metal pyrithiones has mainly focused on aquatic animal species such as fish and crustaceans, and little attention has been paid to primary producers. There have been few reports on residues in environmental matrices because of the high photolabile characteristics of the agents. Residue analyses and ecological effects of the metabolites and metal pyrithiones are not yet fully understood. This study was undertaken to assess the effects of CuPT(2), ZnPT(2), and six metabolites (PT(2): 2,2'-dithio-bispyridine N-oxide, PS(2): 2,2'-dithio-bispyridine, PSA: pyridine-2-sulfonic acid, HPT: 2-mercaptopyridine N-oxide, HPS: 2-mercaptopyridine, and PO: pyridine N-oxide) on a freshwater macrophyte. A 7-day static bioassay using axenic duckweed Lemna gibba G3 was performed under laboratory conditions. Toxic effects of test compounds were assessed by biomass reduction and morphological changes were determined in image analysis. Concentrations of ZnPT(2) and CuPT(2) and those of PT(2) and HPT in the medium were determined by derivatizing 2,2'-dithio-bispyridine mono-N-oxide with pyridine disulfide/ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid reagent that was equimolar with pyrithione. The toxic intensity of the compounds was calculated from the measured concentrations after 7-day exposure. ZnPT(2), CuPT(2), PT(2), and HPT inhibited the growth of L. gibba with EC(50) ranging from 77 to 140 μg/l as calculated from the total frond number as the conventional index, whereas the other four metabolites had less effect even at 10 mg/l. The presence of the former four toxic derivatives resulted in abnormally shaped and unhealthily colored fronds, whose size was about 20% of the control fronds. EC(50), calculated from the healthy frond area determined in image analysis, ranged from 10 to 53 μg/l. Thus, image analysis as part of a duckweed bioassay can detect the toxic effects of pyrithione derivatives with 3-10 times higher sensitivity than the traditional index.

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“…To assess the effects of enhanced UV-B on living organisms, it is important to consider the injury of UV-B radiation to different species. Many studies have revealed that UV-B radiation induces a degradation of the physiological activity and an enhancement of the oxidative stress in higher plants and some cyanobacteria [15,22]. Microcoleus vaginatus Gom., a filamentous cyanobacterium, is a dominant species in many microbiotic crusts throughout the world [5,9,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet-B exposure induces photo-oxidative damage and subsequent repair strategies in a desert cyanobacterium Microcoleus vaginatus Gom.

Xie

Wang

Liu

et al. 2009

European Journal of Soil Biology

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Morphological and metabolic alterations in duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) on long-term low-level chronic UV-B exposure

Cited by 8 publications

References 36 publications

Effects of UV-B radiation on photosynthesis activity of Wolffia arrhiza as probed by chlorophyll fluorescence transients

Effects of UV-B radiation on photosynthesis activity of Wolffia arrhiza as probed by chlorophyll fluorescence transients

Effects of metal pyrithione antifoulants on freshwater macrophyte Lemna gibba G3 determined by image analysis

Ultraviolet-B exposure induces photo-oxidative damage and subsequent repair strategies in a desert cyanobacterium Microcoleus vaginatus Gom.

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