Morphological and molecular characterization of <i>Leptomelanconium allescheri</i> associated with necrotic lesions on <i>Pinus mugo</i> needles in the Polish Tatra Mountains

Kowalski, T.; Boroń, P; Bartnik, Czesław; Rossa, Robert

doi:10.1111/efp.12420

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…55 more or less saprobic species in six genera, which were later separated by Holst-Jensen et al (1997b) in the new family Rutstroemiaceae. In phylogenetic analyses of rDNA or rDNA + protein-coding genes, both families formed together with the small Piceomphale clade the highly supported "Sclerotiniaceae lineage", and this lineage formed with the family Cenangiaceae the strongly supported "Lineage A" or "sclerotinioid clade" (Baral , 2019Pärtel et al 2016: g. 1;Kowalski et al 2018;Johnston et al 2019: gs 2, 5). In the latter analysis of 15 concatenated gene regions, this lineage included with less support also Cordieritidaceae and with low support Chlorociboriaceae and Polydesmia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schroeteria decaisneana, S. poeltii, and Ciboria ploettneriana (Sclerotiniaceae, Helotiales, Ascomycota), three parasites on Veronica seeds: first report of teleomorphs in Schroeteria

Baral¹,

Rönsch²,

Richter³

et al. 2022

Mycol Progress

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Three little known, morphologically similar species of Sclerotiniaceae which form their apothecia on fallen stromatized Veronica seeds are described and illustrated in detail based on fresh collections or moist chamber cultures of infected seeds: Ciboria ploettneriana, Schroeteria decaisneana, and Schroeteria poeltii. The former two were found on Veronica hederifolia agg. at different sites of temperate central Europe, the latter on V. cymbalaria in a mediterranean region of Spain. The latter two are anamorph-typi ed and here reported for the rst time with their teleomorph.Ciboria ploettneriana was described by Kirschstein as Sclerotiniaploettneriana on seeds of V. hederifolia agg. but is currently treated in Ciboria. Based on the reexamination of four syntype specimens in B it became evident that Kirschstein confused the two species on V. hederifolia. A lectotype is therefore designated for S. ploettneriana.Members of Schroeteria are speci c plant parasites infecting fruits of different Veronica spp. Schroeteria has earlier been referred to the Ustilaginales (Basidiomycota) based on its smut-like chlamydospores, but later light-microscopic and ultrastructural studies suggested that it represents a false smut fungus belonging to the Sclerotiniaceae (Helotiales).rDNA sequences were obtained from chlamydospores of Schroeteria bornmuelleri (on V. rubrifolia), S. delastrina (generic type, on Veronica arvensis), S. decaisneana, and S. poeltii, and from apothecia on V. hederifolia agg. and V. cymbalaria seeds. As a result, the anamorphteleomorph connection could be veri ed for Schroeteria decaisneana and S. poeltii based on a 100% ITS similarity between both morphs, whereas Ciboria ploettneriana in the here rede ned sense could not be connected to an anamorph.Our phylogenetic analyses show that Ciboria ploettneriana belongs in the relationship of Sclerotinia, Stromatinia, and Grovesinia rather than Ciboria, but its placement was not supported. Also Schroeteria poeltii clustered unresolved in this relationship but has a much higher molecular distance to those. The remaining three Schroeteria spp. formed a supported monophyletic group, the Schroeteria core clade, which clustered with medium to low support distantly to a member of the Monilinia alpina group of section Disjunctoriae (M. jezoensis). ITS distances of 5-6.3% were found among members of the Schroeteria core clade, and 13.8-14.7% between the core clade and S. poeltii. The high distance of S. poeltii re ects its deviating chlamydospore morphology.Despite the high heterogeneity in the available ITS and LSU data, Schroeteria is accepted here under inclusion of S. poeltii as a genus distinct from Monilinia, particularly because of its very special anamorphs. A similar heterogeneity in rDNA analyses was observed in Monilinia and other genera of Sclerotiniaceae. Protein-coding genes should be investigated in order to obtain a more natural phylogeny within the Sclerotiniaceae.which are important plant pathogens and also known for their teleomorph-typi ed names Botryot...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schroeteria decaisneana, S. poeltii, and Ciboria ploettneriana (Sclerotiniaceae, Helotiales, Ascomycota), three parasites on Veronica seeds: first report of teleomorphs in Schroeteria

Baral¹,

Rönsch²,

Richter³

et al. 2022

Mycol Progress

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“…Such a system of relations between L. conigenum sequences from different geographic regions and obtained from different host plants may indicate incorrect identification of isolates or the existence of cryptic species. Kowalski et al (2018) found the fungus Leptomelanconium allescheri in the Polish Tatras for the first time. The present study has provided further data on the occurrence of this fungus species on P. mugo, in particular its relationship to the characteristic necrotic areas and the discoloration of the needles and the dieback of their tops, suggesting its pathogenic abilities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples for genetic analysis were prepared for three types of fungal material according to the procedure by Kowalski et al (2018). Total genomic DNA was extracted using Genomic Mini AX Plant (A&A Biotechnology, Gdynia, Poland) according to the manufacturer's protocol, and diluted DNA extracts were used as templates in PCR.…”

Section: Molecular Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In similar studies in the Karkonosze National Park (Pusz et al 2013), the presence of L. pinastri and Lophodermium sp., which was later described as a new species L. corconticum (Koukol et al 2015), was observed. Research by Kowalski et al (2018) led to the first identification of the presence of the pathogenic fungus Leptomelanconium allescheri on the needles of P. mugo in the Tatra National Park and the description of the accompanying disease symptoms. Results of previous studies show that the emerging health problems of mountain pine needles growing at higher altitudes may be the result of activities of the various pathogenic fungi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fungi associated with disease symptoms on Pinus mugo needles in the Polish Tatra Mountains

Bartnik¹,

Kowalski²,

Bilański³

et al. 2021

Pl. Fung. Systt.

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Dwarf mountain pine, Pinus mugo, is an important component of the subalpine and alpine zone in Europe. For several years, in one of the natural areas of the occurrence of this species in the Polish Tatras, an intensified decline of the assimilation apparatus has been observed. The studies conducted in 2016–2020 were aimed at determining the types of disease symptoms occurring on P. mugo needles and at identifying the species composition of fungi within symptomless and diseased needles. We isolated 57 taxa from 6 types of disease symptoms and from needles without disease symptoms, identified on the basis of morphological features and molecular analyses. Absolute parasites were represented by only one species of Coleosporium senecionis, which was identified by the aecium stage. The genus Lophodermium was represented by three species: L. conigenum, L. corconticum and L. pini-mugonis. So far, L. corconticum was known only from the Karkonosze Mountains in Poland, and L. pini-mugonis from the German Alps. In addition, the more frequently isolated species included: Sydowia polyspora, Hendersonia sp., Nemania serpens, Leptomelanconium allescheri, Cladosporium spp., Biscogniauxia nummularia and Alternaria spp. Some taxa were associated with only one type of disease symptom, while some species of fungi were found to be associated with different symptoms. Twelve species of fungi were isolated from living symptomless needles, some of which were subsequently found in association with nectrotic areas on needles, e.g., Lophodermium corconticum, L. conigenum and Leptomelanconium allescheri. L. pinastri has not been found in the present studies. In the discussion, an attempt was made to assess the role of some of the identified species of fungi in causing the disease process of P. mugo needles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schroeteria Decaisneana, S. Poeltii, and Ciboria Ploettneriana (Sclerotiniaceae, Helotiales, Ascomycota), Three Parasites on Veronica Seeds: First Report of Teleomorphs in Schroeteria

Baral¹,

Rönsch

Richter

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Three little known, morphologically similar species of Sclerotiniaceae which form their apothecia on fallen stromatized Veronica seeds are described and illustrated in detail based on fresh collections or moist chamber cultures of infected seeds: Ciboria ploettneriana, Schroeteria decaisneana, and Schroeteria poeltii. The former two were found on Veronica hederifolia agg. at different sites of temperate central Europe, the latter on V. cymbalaria in a mediterranean region of Spain. The latter two are anamorph-typified and here reported for the first time with their teleomorph.Ciboria ploettneriana was described by Kirschstein as Sclerotiniaploettneriana on seeds of V. hederifolia agg. but is currently treated in Ciboria. Based on the reexamination of four syntype specimens in B it became evident that Kirschstein confused the two species on V. hederifolia. A lectotype is therefore designated for S. ploettneriana.Members of Schroeteria are specific plant parasites infecting fruits of different Veronica spp. Schroeteria has earlier been referred to the Ustilaginales (Basidiomycota) based on its smut-like chlamydospores, but later light-microscopic and ultrastructural studies suggested that it represents a false smut fungus belonging to the Sclerotiniaceae (Helotiales).rDNA sequences were obtained from chlamydospores of Schroeteria bornmuelleri (on V. rubrifolia), S. delastrina (generic type, on Veronica arvensis), S. decaisneana, and S. poeltii, and from apothecia on V. hederifolia agg. and V. cymbalaria seeds. As a result, the anamorph-teleomorph connection could be verified for Schroeteria decaisneana and S. poeltii based on a 100% ITS similarity between both morphs, whereas Ciboria ploettneriana in the here redefined sense could not be connected to an anamorph.Our phylogenetic analyses show that Ciboria ploettneriana belongs in the relationship of Sclerotinia, Stromatinia, and Grovesinia rather than Ciboria, but its placement was not supported. Also Schroeteria poeltii clustered unresolved in this relationship but has a much higher molecular distance to those. The remaining three Schroeteria spp. formed a supported monophyletic group, the Schroeteria core clade, which clustered with medium to low support distantly to a member of the Monilinia alpina group of section Disjunctoriae (M. jezoensis). ITS distances of 5–6.3% were found among members of the Schroeteria core clade, and 13.8–14.7% between the core clade and S. poeltii. The high distance of S. poeltii reflects its deviating chlamydospore morphology.Despite the high heterogeneity in the available ITS and LSU data, Schroeteria is accepted here under inclusion of S. poeltii as a genus distinct from Monilinia, particularly because of its very special anamorphs. A similar heterogeneity in rDNA analyses was observed in Monilinia and other genera of Sclerotiniaceae. Protein-coding genes should be investigated in order to obtain a more natural phylogeny within the Sclerotiniaceae.

show abstract

Morphological and molecular characterization of Leptomelanconium allescheri associated with necrotic lesions on Pinus mugo needles in the Polish Tatra Mountains

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Schroeteria decaisneana, S. poeltii, and Ciboria ploettneriana (Sclerotiniaceae, Helotiales, Ascomycota), three parasites on Veronica seeds: first report of teleomorphs in Schroeteria

Schroeteria decaisneana, S. poeltii, and Ciboria ploettneriana (Sclerotiniaceae, Helotiales, Ascomycota), three parasites on Veronica seeds: first report of teleomorphs in Schroeteria

Fungi associated with disease symptoms on Pinus mugo needles in the Polish Tatra Mountains

Schroeteria Decaisneana, S. Poeltii, and Ciboria Ploettneriana (Sclerotiniaceae, Helotiales, Ascomycota), Three Parasites on Veronica Seeds: First Report of Teleomorphs in Schroeteria

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