Morphological and phytochemical data of Vanilla species in Mexico

Abstract

This systematic determination of morphological and phytochemical data was conducted with the purpose of conserving and identifying the phylogenetic relationship among the Vanilla species of the Totonacapan region in Mexico to increase awareness of the genetic biodiversity. Samples of Vanilla planifolia, V. planifolia cv. “oreja de burro”, V. pompona, V. insignis, and V. inodora, are distributed across 19 municipalities of the State of Veracruz and 19 municipalities of the State of Puebla. Morphological data parameters were determined in situ and included leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness, stem diameter, stem thickness, node distance, stem texture degree, flower colour intensity, and fruit length. Similarly, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phenols, flavonoids, and terpenes were determined by specifically phytochemical tests and quantified by thin layer chromatography. Both, morphological and phytochemical data parameters, were successfully used in assembling dendrograms by using the Euclidian distance method and by principal component analysis.

A genome-wide assessment of the genetic diversity, evolution and relationships with allied species of the clonally propagated crop Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews

“…Second, the argument that the morphological variability of V. planifolia contains that of V. sotoarenasii is not supported by any quantitative data. On the contrary, the photograph of numerous fruits produced by the authors (Karremans et al 2020) to show the wide variability in V. sotoarenasii demonstrated that the fruits of V. sotoarenasii were always between 9 and 15 cm in length, and indehiscent, which is much less than the 21 cm average length of V. planifolia fruits, that are moreover very predominantly dehiscent (Díaz-Bautista et al 2018). In addition, the variations in shape and color of the fruits are much more certainly due to different stages of maturity, and incomplete natural pollinations, than to phenotypic plasticity that remains to be demonstrated.…”

Uso Tradicional y Análisis Fitoquímico en Extractos de Sauce (Salix humboldtiana Willd.) in México

“…in order to provide knowledge to the community about the composition of this species. For the identification of phenols, flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, saponins and tannins, an analysis of secondary metabolites in dehydrated leaves and branches was carried out [10,11]. In this study, Thin Layer Chromatography was also performed with the extracts of said species to identified the secondary metabolites present.…”

Vanilla cultivation in Mexico: Typology, characteristics, production, agroindustrial prospective and biotechnological innovations as a sustainability strategy

“…2. Tipos de sistemas productivos Después de la domesticación de esta especie en México, se establecieron diferentes sistemas productores como "acahual" o tradicional (zonas de recuperación de flora endémica); bajo tutores (principalmente arboles cítricos); sistemas semitecnificados (invernaderos con malla sombra) y, por último, invernaderos tecnificados (Díaz-Bautista et al, 2019;Figura 4). Una de las grandes diferencias entre estos sistemas productivos es el rendimiento (kg de vainas por ha -1 ), ya que bajo tutor cítrico se producen 230 kg en comparación con 435 kg bajo sistema semi-tecnificado (Barrera-Rodríguez et al, 2009).…”