Morphological and sedimentological responses of small stream channels to extreme rainfall and land use in the Darjeeling Himalayas

Prokop, Paweł; Wiejaczka, Łukasz; Sarkar, Subir Kumar; Bryndal, Tomasz; Bucała-Hrabia, Anna; Kroczak, Rafał; Soja, Roman; Płaczkowska, Eliza

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2019.104444

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 67 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The Peshok catchment is representative of land use history and structure for the Darjeeling Himalayas (Prokop et al 2020). In the nineteenth century, the land use structure was determined by the establishment of tea plantations that induced workforce migration, as well as by the simultaneous reservation of the forest for silviculture (Taylor 1910).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil quality under different agricultural land uses as evaluated by chemical, geochemical and ecological indicators in mountains with high rainfall (Darjeeling Himalayas, India)

Kijowska-Strugała

Baran²,

Szara-Bąk³

et al. 2022

J Soils Sediments

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose Agricultural land use associated with intensification in plant growing affects the physicochemical parameters of soils and thus soil quality. The aim of this study was to identify the quality of soils in the Peshok catchment in the Eastern Himalayas under different types of land use (tea, horticulture, rice), under high monsoon rainfall conditions. Methods Physical and chemical analysis were used, e.g. bulk density, pH, TOC, major and trace element content (such as Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Ag, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ga, Li, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr and Zn) based on AntonPaar Multiwave 3000 microwave system and nitrogen and sulphur content using CNS Elementar Vario MAX cube analyser. In addition, ecotoxicological analyses were performed using the Microtox test. Soil quality was assessed on the basis of chemical indicators related to the mobility of trace elements (risk assessment code, individual contamination factor and global contamination factor); geochemical indicators (geoaccumulation index, enrichment factor, contamination factor, contamination degree, modified contamination degree, pollution load index and improved Nemerow pollution index); and ecological indicators (potential ecological risk coefficient and potential ecological risk index). A statistical package of Statistica v13 was used for statistical analysis. Results Soils in the analysed catchment are characterised by low contents of macro- and microelements. It was shown that natural factors, such as high precipitation and steep slopes, favour strong leaching of elements from the soil, and farming systems based on natural and chemical fertilisation, terracing and irrigation are not able to balance them fully. The contents of TOC and N as well as pH were determined mainly by the land use. Results of statistical analyses and geochemical indicators revealed the predominantly natural origins of elements. The higher Ga content indicated a relationship with the local geology and the higher Cu content with the use of fertilisers. Indicators showed a low ecological risk related to the presence of trace elements, and soil ecotoxicity to A. fischeri was generally determined by the acidic pH of the tested soils. Low mobility was observed for most elements, and regardless of the land use, the residual fraction predominated. Conclusion The study showed that use of many indicators can more fully describe soil quality in relation to land use, especially in the case of a low content of trace elements. Moreover, this approach helps to better understand the changes taking place in soil quality under different land uses in mountains with high rainfall.

show abstract

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil quality under different agricultural land uses as evaluated by chemical, geochemical and ecological indicators in mountains with high rainfall (Darjeeling Himalayas, India)

Kijowska-Strugała

Baran²,

Szara-Bąk³

et al. 2022

J Soils Sediments

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Over two million people in Bangladesh lost their homes between 1970 and 2000 due to bank erosion in the Padma and Jamuna rivers (Islam & Rashid 2011). The Himalayan foothill region's society benefits from an integrated investigation of erosion, its causes, and a calculated move toward modifying mitigation procedures in fluvial dynamicity (Prokop et al 2020), and bank erosion would have an impact on the River Mahananda in Sub-Himalayan North Bengal (Chakraborty & Saha 2022). Space Application Centre (SAC), Ahmedabad, India, and the Brahmaputra Board, India (1996) studied river erosion on Majuli Island to identify and delineate island portions that had changed along the bank line due to the river's dynamic behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of river morphology based on changes in land use and land cover and the spatial and temporal variation of meandering parameters of the barak river

Nath

Ghosh

2022

Water Practice and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

River morphology describes a river's cross-sectional shape, sedimentation, and erosion. The meandering parameters, oxbow formation and decadal Land usage Land Cover fluctuations of Barak River were investigated using 21 meandering spans to measure river morphological changes. The decadal meandering parameters were calculated reach-wise and section-wise to characterize river morphological changes. It was observed from the paired t-test that the river width significantly changed during the study period (1990–2020). Strong inter-relationships between the meandering parameters are shown from the regression analysis. The morphological investigation found a reduction in the centerline distance due to variations in the radius of curvature caused by the internal arc's reduction. As a result, the average sinuosity has decreased over time. The current work used SVM and ML techniques for LULC classification, and a comparison of ML and SVM techniques was also done. The SVM technique performs better. The decadal LULC analysis suggests that between 1990 and 2020, the areas of water bodies, forests, and bare land types declined. Whereas, agricultural and settlement areas increased. River morphology is substantially impacted by agriculture and urbanization, particularly in areas where oxbows occur simultaneously, since this work may apply to other similar meandering river management along the alluvial flood plain.

show abstract

“…River bank erosion vis-à-vis LULC change is the simple correlation study which is mostly visible in almost all alluvial tracts of the world in fluviatile environs [11,12]. An integrative study of erosion, its causes and mitigation processes are always a necessary document and strategic step towards the adjustments in fluvial dynamicity to the society in the Himalayan foothill region [13]. Modelling of the erosional process and its impact on LULC change and vice-versa is very effective for any environmental research and also for the fluvial geomorphology [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of bank erosion and its impact on land use and land cover dynamics of Mahananda River basin (Upper) in the Sub-Himalayan North Bengal, India

Chakraborty

Saha

2021

SN Appl. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bank erosion is the predominant character of River Mahananda in the Sub-Himalayan North Bengal. The present study aims to identify the bank erosion mechanism as well as the impact of river bank erosion on land use and land cover (LULC) dynamics of the study area. Survey of India (SOI) topographical map 78 B/5 (1975) and satellite imageries for the temporal year of 1991 and 2019 from USGS have been used for the study. For the assessment of bank erosion process Bank erosion hazard index (BEHI) model has been adopted here. The channel migration has been delineated by the superimposition of temporal bank lines extracted from the temporal satellite imageries. LULC analysis has been carried out through the supervised classification technique using remote sensing and GIS tools. Form the assessment of BEHI it can be visualized that the scores have been ranging from 30.75 to 44.30 which indicates high to very high vulnerable areas under fluvial erosion. The channel migration for the temporal period from 1991 to 2019 is ranging from 7.72 to 411.16 m along the studied reach which reflects the high erosion effectiveness. From LULC classes it has been assessed that settled or built-up areas have been increased and the water body is gradually decreased overall in the study area. The study resulted that the river bank erosion has its direct impact on land use of the studied area. In the study vulnerable sites to fluvial erosion have been delineated and unplanned land use can be managed through sustainable way.

show abstract

Morphological and sedimentological responses of small stream channels to extreme rainfall and land use in the Darjeeling Himalayas

Cited by 16 publications

References 67 publications

Soil quality under different agricultural land uses as evaluated by chemical, geochemical and ecological indicators in mountains with high rainfall (Darjeeling Himalayas, India)

Soil quality under different agricultural land uses as evaluated by chemical, geochemical and ecological indicators in mountains with high rainfall (Darjeeling Himalayas, India)

Assessment of river morphology based on changes in land use and land cover and the spatial and temporal variation of meandering parameters of the barak river

Assessment of bank erosion and its impact on land use and land cover dynamics of Mahananda River basin (Upper) in the Sub-Himalayan North Bengal, India

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About