Morphological Changes of Capsicum annuum L. Induced by Ethyl Methane sulfonate (EMS) at M2 Generation

Abstract

The objective of this study was to identify morphological variation in M2 plants of Capsicum annuum derived from seed treated with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). The M1 generation was developed by treated seed with 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% EMS in phosphate buffer pH 7.0 for 6 hours. Seedlings of M1 were planted in the field and seeds resulted from M1 plants were harvested and planted for morphological analysis. Plants were planted in polybag in progeny row system. Results showed that there was a decrease in both seedling emergence and plant survival due to EMS treatments. Several morphological variations were observed in plant height, leaf size, pattern of the branch, number of main stems and petal number of the flower. In the M2 generation, treatment of 1% EMS generated tall plant, small plant with pale green leaf colour, dwarf plant mutant and plant with two stems. The 0.75% EMS resulted in the short mutant with many branches while 0.5% EMS produced plant with pale green leaf colour. These results indicated that EMS mutagenesis in C. annuum generated interesting morphological characters that differ to control plants which can be used in C. annuum improvement program.

Confirmation of mutation and genetic stability of the M4 generation of chili pepper’s (Capsicum frutescens L.) Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) mutant based on morphological, physiological and molecular characters

“…The resulting mutations include stunted plants, fewer branches, narrower leaves, and an increased number of corollas (Manzila et al 2020). Changes due to EMS mutation on plant habitus, fruit, and leaf character were also reported in C. annuum (Loewe and William 2010;Pharmawati 2018). Mutations that occur in leaves include changes in leaf color due to reduced chlorophyll content, changes in leaf thickness and size related to the amount of xylem and collenchyma tissue.…”

Morphometric frequency and spectrum of gamma-ray-induced chlorophyll mutants identified by phenotype and development of novel variants in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)

“…If this DNA damage is not addressed or is repaired ambiguously, mutations, such as single-base substitutions, deletions, insertions, inversions, or translocations, may arise at the genome scale and eventually lead to alterations in the phenotypic traits of the organisms [13]. Numerous researchers have proposed and implemented mutation breeding as an effective tool for this kind of improvement in a variety of crops [11,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Amin, et al [11] published a report indicating a dose-dependent decrease in the germination of lentil seeds treated with MMS (methyl methanesulfonate).…”