Morphological imaging of the hippocampus in epilepsy

Isnard, Jean; Bourdillon, Pierre

doi:10.1016/j.neurol.2014.12.002

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Moreover, hippocampal sclerosis is a pathological endpoint associated with various underlying disease processes, including epilepsy, hypoxia, hypoglycaemia, certain infections, and numerous neurodegenerative conditions (Josephs et al , 2007; Thom et al , 2009; Yokota et al , 2010; Malek-Ahmadi et al , 2013; Murray et al , 2013; Ling et al , 2017; Popkirov et al , 2017; Sen et al , 2018). Having originated in a 19th century study of epilepsy by Wilhelm Sommer (Sommer, 1880; Thom, 2009), the term hippocampal sclerosis is still used widely by radiologists and pathologists in the context of seizure disorders (Isnard and Bourdillon, 2015; Thom and Sisodiya, 2015). Detailed discussions of histopathological features and subtypes of hippocampal sclerosis can be found elsewhere (Probst et al , 2007; Rauramaa et al , 2013; Hatanpaa et al , 2014; Dutra et al , 2015; Thom and Sisodiya, 2015; Cykowski et al , 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE): consensus working group report

Nelson

Dickson

Trojanowski

et al. 2019

Brain

1,040

1,035

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Nelson et al. describe a recently recognized brain disorder that mimics the clinical features of Alzheimer’s disease: L imbic-predominant A ge-related T DP-43 E ncephalopathy (LATE). They review the literature and present consensus-based recommendations of an international, multidisciplinary working group, providing guidelines for diagnosis and staging of LATE neuropathological changes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE): consensus working group report

Nelson

Dickson

Trojanowski

et al. 2019

Brain

1,040

1,035

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“…The hippocampus is closely related to epilepsy. Morphology imaging studies in this area help to diagnose patients with the disease . The results of the histopathological analysis of the animals treated with stereoisomers of EC and diazepam while undergoing subconvulsive doses of PTZ showed that both (+)‐cis‐EC promoted neuronal protection, in differing ratios.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of behavioral, neuroprotective, and proinflammatory cytokine modulating effects exercised by (+)‐cis‐EC and (−)‐cis‐EC stereoisomers in a PTZ‐induced kindling test in mice

Salgado

Fonsêca

Melo

et al. 2018

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

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Epoxy-carvone (EC) has chiral centers that allow generation of stereoisomers, including (+)-cis-EC and (-)-cis-EC, whose effects in the kindling tests have never been studied. Accordingly, this study aims to comparatively investigate the effect of stereoisomers (+)-cis-epoxy-carvone and (-)-cis-epoxy-carvone on behavioral changes measured in scores, in the levels of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα) and neuronal protection in the face of continuous treatment with pentylenetetrazol. Swiss mice were divided into five groups (n = 10), receiving vehicle, (+) - cis-EC, (-) - cis-EC (both at the dose of 30 mg/kg), and diazepam (4 mg/kg). Thirty minutes after the respective treatment was administered to the animals one subconvulsive dose of PTZ (35 mg/kg). Seven subconvulsives treatments were made on alternate days, in which each treatment several parameters were recorded. In the eighth treatment, the animals receiving the highest dose of PTZ (75 mg/kg) and were sacrificed for quantification of cytokines and histopathologic analysis. All drugs were administered by intraperitoneal route. In the kindling test, (+)-cis-EC and (-)-cis-EC reduced the average scores. The stereoisomer (+)-cis-EC decreased levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα, whereas comparatively (-)-cis-EC did not reduce IL-1β levels. Histopathological analysis of the mice hippocampi undergoing this methodology showed neural protection for treated with (+)-cis-EC. The results suggest that the anticonvulsant effect of (+)-cis-EC possibly takes place due to reduction of proinflammatory cytokines involved in the epileptogenic process, besides neuronal protection, yet further investigation of the mechanisms involved is required.

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“…Se reconocen los signos primarios: un hipocampo pequeño o atrófico y un aumento en la intensidad de señal (Figura 2) (29, 30), ipsilaterales al foco epileptógeno, hallazgos que se correlacionan con la pérdida neural y la gliosis (30,31).…”

Section: Diagnóstico Imagenológicounclassified

“…Esta secuencia permite la reconstrucción en cualquier plano sin perder calidad de imagen y, en caso necesario, realizar estudios volumétricos o reconstrucciones curvas. (30,35,37).…”

Section: Diagnóstico Imagenológicounclassified

“…La resolución de los cortes puede ser menor, con matrices de 256 y espesor de corte de 3 -4 mm. Las secuencias FLAIR son más sensibles que las secuencias T2 para detectar pequeñas alteraciones de señal, especialmente en áreas adyacentes al líquido cefalorraquídeo (30,36,37) Deben añadirse cortes axiales de 4 -5 mm con secuencias T2*, bien sea con técnica de EG convencional o con técnicas de eco-planar (EPI) más rápidas, que no necesitan matrices de alta resolución (7, 38).…”

Section: Diagnóstico Imagenológicounclassified

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Epilepsia del lóbulo temporal: una revisión de tema sobre el abordaje diagnóstico

Araujo-Reyes

Sandoval

Ore

et al. 2019

MedUNAB

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Introducción. Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) la epilepsia constituye uno de los trastornos neurológicos más frecuentes en el mundo. Las crisis epilépticas se consideran una manifestación clínica originada por una descarga excesiva de neuronas a nivel cerebral. Su prevalencia es mayor en Latinoamérica y el Caribe que en países desarrollados; las crisis, en la mayoría de los casos, corresponden a la epilepsia del lóbulo temporal, cuya anormalidad anatómica más habitual es la esclerosis del hipocampo. El objetivo es exponer el protocolo básico de epilepsia de manera estandarizada y su utilidad en el planeamiento quirúrgico, y así, conociendo todas las herramientas estudiadas hasta el momento, se realice un adecuado y oportuno diagnóstico. División de los temas tratados. Se realizó una revisión de tema de la literatura existente en las bases de datos Pubmed, Cochrane y Medline desde 1980 hasta 2018 acerca de la epilepsia del lóbulo temporal. Se expone de manera concisa la anatomía, fisiología, fisiopatología, presentación clínica y diagnóstico imaginológico de la patología. Conclusiones. Esta patología se caracteriza por tener el foco epileptogénico en los lóbulos temporales con alta probabilidad de control con técnicas quirúrgicas cada vez menos agresivas. El diagnóstico es inducido a través de la clínica; sin embargo, las nuevas técnicas de imagen estructurales y funcionales son el método diagnóstico de elección en pacientes con sospecha de esta patología y, de esta manera, lograr la realización de un diagnóstico más certero y oportuno. [Araujo-Reyes AT, Sandoval J, Carrasco-Ore A, Baquero-Serrano MA. Epilepsia del lóbulo temporal: una revisión de tema sobre el abordaje diagnóstico. MedUNAB. 2019;22(2):228-241. doi:10.29375/01237047.3208]

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Morphological imaging of the hippocampus in epilepsy

Cited by 7 publications

References 44 publications

Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE): consensus working group report

Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE): consensus working group report

Comparison of behavioral, neuroprotective, and proinflammatory cytokine modulating effects exercised by (+)‐cis‐EC and (−)‐cis‐EC stereoisomers in a PTZ‐induced kindling test in mice

Epilepsia del lóbulo temporal: una revisión de tema sobre el abordaje diagnóstico

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