Morphological MRI investigations of the hypothalamus in 232 individuals with Parkinson's disease

Gorges, Martin; Kuntz, B. M. E.; Tredici, Kelly Del; Schmidt, Daniel; Müller, Hans‐Peter; Ludolph, Albert C.; Dupuis, Luc; Kassubek, Jan

doi:10.1002/mds.27814

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…All reported volumes were normalized for TIV, age, and sex using a linear regression model. 8,23 Group differences in demographic and clinical characteristics as well as normalized hypothalamic volumes were analyzed using independent twosample t test for continuous variables and χ 2 test for dichotomous variables. Mann-Whitney U test was performed instead if the dataset failed to pass the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All statistical data analyses were performed using the statistical software Prism (GraphPad, USA) and in SPSS statistical software (SPSS). All reported volumes were normalized for TIV, age, and sex using a linear regression model 8,23 . Group differences in demographic and clinical characteristics as well as normalized hypothalamic volumes were analyzed using independent two‐sample t test for continuous variables and χ 2 test for dichotomous variables.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypothalamic Atrophy, Expanded CAG Repeat, and Low Body Mass Index in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3

et al. 2022

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Background Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is an inherited motor disorder that is characterized by low body mass index (BMI). Considering the role of the hypothalamus in regulating appetitive behaviors and metabolism, low BMI may result from hypothalamic degeneration. Objectives To examine hypothalamic volume changes in SCA3 by comparing patients and matched healthy controls and to identify potential mediating effects of hypothalamic pathology on CAG repeats for BMI. Methods Magnetic resonance imaging datasets of hypothalamic volumes from 41 SCA3 patients and 49 matched controls were analyzed. Relationships among CAG repeat number, hypothalamic volumes, and BMI were assessed using correlation and mediation analyses. Results SCA3 patients exhibited significant hypothalamic atrophy. Tubular hypothalamic volume was significantly associated with BMI. Mediation analysis revealed an indirect effect of CAG repeat number on BMI via tubular hypothalamic atrophy. Conclusions Low BMI in SCA3 is related to neurodegeneration within the tubular hypothalamus, providing a potential target for energy‐based treatment. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothalamic Atrophy, Expanded CAG Repeat, and Low Body Mass Index in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3

et al. 2022

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“…IIH patients had to fulfill the standard diagnostic criteria according to Friedman et al 12 including a volumetric extension package, was used for the landmark-based volumetric analysis of the hypothalamus for IIH patients and controls in a three-step processing pipeline, as previously described. 13,14 First, a rigid brain normalization preserved the amount of hypothalamic volume. In a second step, spatial up-sampling into a study-specific grid ensured coronal slicing in a common space for all subjects by correcting for individual-based tilt of the head, followed by manual delineation of the left-and right-hemispheric hypothalamus.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological alterations of the hypothalamus in idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Kassubek

Weinstock

Behler

et al. 2022

Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease

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Background: The pathophysiology of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), a condition characterized by raised intracranial pressure, is not well understood. Objectives: We hypothesized that the hypothalamus might exhibit alterations in patients with IIH, based on its established association with obesity and the potential role of hormonal and metabolic factors in IIH. Design: Retrospective single-center cohort study. Methods: Thirty-three individuals with IIH and 40 matched healthy individuals were studied, including levels of the hormones and proteins leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, insulin, growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), somatostatin, and melatonin. In vivo high-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were analyzed by quantification of hypothalamic volumes using a well-established segmentation method, separate for the anterior and the posterior hypothalamic subvolumes. An additional analysis was performed using age, gender, and BMI-matched subgroups of 20 IIH patients and 20 controls. Results: The analysis of laboratory values showed significantly increased insulin, leptin, and melatonin levels for IIH patients in comparison to controls, while adiponectin levels were decreased in IIH; however, only melatonin level differences could be confirmed in the analysis with BMI matching. There was no statistical difference in total hypothalamus volumes between IIH and controls, but the hypothalamic morphology was altered in IIH patients with a lower volume of the anterior part of the hypothalamus and a higher volume of the posterior part; these results were identical in the analysis of the BMI-matched groups. The correlation analyses between hormonal changes and hypothalamic morphology did not achieve significant results. Conclusion: In this exploratory study, morphological abnormalities of the hypothalamus were observed to be associated with the IIH complex, although the mechanism remains to be unraveled. These findings expand the metabolic phenotype of IIH, but further functional studies are necessary to corroborate these data.

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“…Recent neuroimaging evidence complements early findings. A high-resolution MRI study of >360 participants found no significant difference in the hypothalamus volume of PD and non-PD individuals—thereby implying that the histopathologically detected involvement of the hypothalamus in PD is not observable as global hypothalamic atrophy, and further suggesting that the macrostructure of the hypothalamus remains rather stable throughout the disease course [ 135 ]. In line with the regulatory role of the hypothalamus in the autonomic nervous system, reduced hypothalamic functional connectivity with the thalamus and striatum was observed in PD patients with a higher burden of autonomic symptoms compared to those with a lower burden [ 136 ].…”

Section: Regions Of the Limbic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging the Limbic System in Parkinson’s Disease—A Review of Limbic Pathology and Clinical Symptoms

et al. 2022

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The limbic system describes a complex of brain structures central for memory, learning, as well as goal directed and emotional behavior. In addition to pathological studies, recent findings using in vivo structural and functional imaging of the brain pinpoint the vulnerability of limbic structures to neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease (PD) throughout the disease course. Accordingly, dysfunction of the limbic system is critically related to the symptom complex which characterizes PD, including neuropsychiatric, vegetative, and motor symptoms, and their heterogeneity in patients with PD. The aim of this systematic review was to put the spotlight on neuroimaging of the limbic system in PD and to give an overview of the most important structures affected by the disease, their function, disease related alterations, and corresponding clinical manifestations. PubMed was searched in order to identify the most recent studies that investigate the limbic system in PD with the help of neuroimaging methods. First, PD related neuropathological changes and corresponding clinical symptoms of each limbic system region are reviewed, and, finally, a network integration of the limbic system within the complex of PD pathology is discussed.

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Morphological MRI investigations of the hypothalamus in 232 individuals with Parkinson's disease

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Hypothalamic Atrophy, Expanded CAG Repeat, and Low Body Mass Index in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3

Hypothalamic Atrophy, Expanded CAG Repeat, and Low Body Mass Index in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3

Morphological alterations of the hypothalamus in idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Imaging the Limbic System in Parkinson’s Disease—A Review of Limbic Pathology and Clinical Symptoms

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