Morphological variability of Carex spicata Huds. utricles among plant communities

Janyszek, M.; Jagodziński, Andrzej M.; Janyszek, S.; Wrońska‐Pilarek, Dorota

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2007.06.007

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In general, seeds, as generative organs that are only slightly influenced by environmental conditions, are important diagnostic features (but see Janyszek et al 2008;Janyszek and Jagodzinski 2009). Their high structural diversity provides the most valuable criteria for classification at species and family levels.…”

Section: 05)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed morphology and endosperm structure of selected species of Primulaceae, Myrsinaceae, and Theophrastaceae and their systematic importance

et al. 2010

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Seed size and shape, seed coat surface pattern, seed coat thickness, and endosperm structure were investigated in Androsace septentrionalis, Cortusa matthioli, Hottonia palustris, Primula elatior, Soldanella carpatica (Primulaceae), Anagallis arvensis, A. minima, Cyclamen purpurascens, Glaux maritima, Lysimachia nemorum, L. vulgaris, Trientalis europaea (Myrsinaceae), and Samolus valerandi (Theophrastaceae). Three seed size categories were distinguished on the basis of biometric measurements. Almost all seeds examined were found to be small with an angular shape classified as sectoroid or polyhedral. A new type of seed shape, suboval, was identified for H. palustris. Cyclamen purpurascens seeds differed from seeds of all other species examined because of their large size, subglobose shape, and concave hilar area. Despite the different shape types, the length/width ratio of the seeds examined was constant, while their hilum length/width ratio was a highly variable feature. Three types of seed surface patterns were observed: (1) reticulate, (2) tuberculate with secondary striations, and (3) poroid-alveolate with the presence of a spongy outer layer. For seeds of Anagallis arvensis, A. minima, Cortusa matthioli, Lysimachia nemorum, and Soldanella carpatica, secondary seed sculpture was described. The seed coats of all species examined were twolayered, and great differences in testa thickness were found (9.9-128.6 lm). In general, seeds of the Myrsinaceae species were more often characterized by thick testa. Different proportions in thickness of the inner and outer testa layers were observed. In seeds with reticulate seed patterns, the inner testa layer was twice to several times thicker than the outer layer, while the opposite proportions were observed in seeds with the tuberculate or poroid-alveolate seed sculpture pattern. In seeds of all species examined, oxalate crystals were present on the surface of the inner testa layer. Thus, the presence or absence of oxalate crystals in testa is not a feature distinguishing species with angular or subglobose seeds. Four types of endosperm structure were identified according to the thickness of the endosperm cell walls and the relief of their inner surface: (1) with evenly thickened and smooth cell walls, (2) with evenly thickened cell walls and circular or helical thickenings on their inside surfaces, (3) with very thick, but not evenly thickened cell walls with constrictions (''pitted''), and (4) with very thin papery and undulate cell walls. There is no rule concerning the seed shape, type of the seed sculpture, testa thickness, or endosperm structure that corresponds to the family affiliation of the species examined.

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Section: 05)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed morphology and endosperm structure of selected species of Primulaceae, Myrsinaceae, and Theophrastaceae and their systematic importance

et al. 2010

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“…Thomson et al (2011) suggested that unassisted and wind-dispersed seeds are the most common in desert species in India and only few species are animal-dispersed. For the genus of Carex, seed (achene) dispersal is especially not documented for the desert sedge (Busch, 2001;Janyszek et al, 2008;Abudureheman et al, 2014Abudureheman et al, , 2016.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Reproductive and Seed Dispersal and Ecological Significance of the Clonal Spring Ephemeroid Plant Carex physodes in the Gurbantuggut Desert

Abudureheman

Chen

et al. 2018

Planta daninha

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-Carex physodes is an ephemeral species in the cold desert of Gurbantunggut in Northwest China. It has both asexual and sexual reproductive patterns. The primary aims of this study were to characterize the reproduction systems and identify the role of fruit dispersal in the sexual reproduction of C. physodes. Aboveground and underground biomass, root-shoot ratio, inflorescence biomass, fruit-set of C. physodes were measured and dispersal of perigynia and achenes in the natural habitat and indoor condition were studied. The underground biomass of C. physodes was approximately 10 times more than the aboveground biomass. The most parts of aboveground biomass is allocated to the inflorescence, which suggests that C. physodes allocates most biomass to the reproductive part. C. physodes produces perigynium with a pericarp containing one achene. The perigynia disperse at a much greater distance than achenes at both 1 and 4 m s -1 wind velocity, and the floating time of perigynia in water was much longer than that of achenes. Perigynia can hold more water and adher soil much more easily than achenes, which suggests that perigynia are suitable for wind dispersal, and they also adapt to spread at a long distance by occasionally rainfall. However, achenes may remain near the mother plants and only disperse at short distances. C. physodes is morphologically and physiologically adapted to the cold desert environment via a combination of characters associated with the rhizomatous and perigynium. This adaption may increase the opportunity of survival and expansion of population of C. physodes. Keywords

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“…Zeng et al 2004). The seed morphology, particularly seed-size, is not only of interest in taxonomy studies, but it is an important factor for understanding the mechanisms of species dynamics in plant communities (Janyszek et al 2008). For instance, it is proven that large seeds are less important in open and disturbed environments than in closed and shady environments (Jakobsson and Eriksson 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of seed morphology of Trollius europaeus L. and Trollius altissimus Crantz (Ranunculaceae)

Antkowiak

Maciejewska-Rutkowska

Jagodziński

et al. 2011

Acta Soc Bot Pol

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The aim of this study was to investigate seed morphology and intra-and inter-population variation of seeds of Trollius europaeus L. and Trollius altissimus Crantz., two controversial species regarding their taxonomical position. We analyzed seed-coat microsculpture and some biometrical traits (length and width, width/length ratio, volume and projected perimeter). Seed sculpture did not differ between species, but seeds of T. altissimus were usually larger than seeds of T. europaeus. Although species differed significantly in seed morphology, it was possible to show the populations of both species that were similar regarding the analyzed seed traits. We noted a significant inter-population differentiation of seeds in both species with respect to seed-coat microornamentation and biometrical traits. We conclude that T. europaeus and T. altissimus are probably not two distinct species, but T. europaeus should be divided into two lower taxa in the rank of variety or subspecies.

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Morphological variability of Carex spicata Huds. utricles among plant communities

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

Seed morphology and endosperm structure of selected species of Primulaceae, Myrsinaceae, and Theophrastaceae and their systematic importance

Seed morphology and endosperm structure of selected species of Primulaceae, Myrsinaceae, and Theophrastaceae and their systematic importance

Patterns of Reproductive and Seed Dispersal and Ecological Significance of the Clonal Spring Ephemeroid Plant Carex physodes in the Gurbantuggut Desert

Variation of seed morphology of Trollius europaeus L. and Trollius altissimus Crantz (Ranunculaceae)

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