Morphology and properties of PET/PA‐6/E‐44 blends

A low molecular weight bisphenol-A type epoxy resin was used as a reactive compatibilizer for poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/ polyamide 610 (PA 610) biomass blends. To the best of our knowledge, this blend is the first biomass PA 610 blend in the literature. The epoxy functional groups could react with the terminal groups of both PLA and PA 610. An ester-amide interchange reaction led to a polyester-polyamide copolymer formation, and improved the compatibility of PLA and PA 610. The blends with epoxy resin showed an enhancement in the phase dispersion and interfacial adhesion compared with the blend without epoxy resin. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that the crystallization peak temperatures decreased with increasing epoxy content. The melting temperature of PA 610 decreased with the addition of PLA, but remained unchanged with increased compatibilizer dosages. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) showed that the glass transition temperature (T g ) of the blend, with the addition of 0.5 phr epoxy resin, slightly increased compared with that of neat PLA. However, the T g of the blends remained unchanged with increasing epoxy resin content, and the higher content of epoxy resin in the blends resulted in improved mechanical properties and higher melt viscosity. The unnotched impact test showed that PA 610 could toughen PLA with the addition of epoxy resin. Moreover, the no-break unnotched impact behavior was observed with the medium content of the compatibilizer, improving the notch sensitivity of PLA.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Properties of Reactive Poly(lactic acid)/Polyamide 610 Biomass Blends

Pai

Lai

Chu

2013

“…The physical properties of polymer blends are generally controlled by many factors including the nature of the polymer, the blend composition,1–3 and the blend morphology 4–12. It is also known that the blend morphology can be used as an indicator for determining the blend compatibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships among blending conditions, size of dispersed phase, and oil resistance in natural rubber and nitrile rubber blends

Sirisinha

Baulek-Limcharoen

Thunyarittikorn

2001

ABSTRACT:The rheological properties, morphology, and oil resistance in natural rubber and nitrile-butadiene rubber (NR/NBR) blends are investigated as functions of the blending conditions. It is found that the Mooney viscosity of the blends depends more strongly on the blending time than the rotor speed. The size of the NR dispersed phase is approximately independent of the rotor speed, but it decreases with increasing blending time up to 25 min. With a further increase in the blending time the NR dispersed phase size decreases. The results for the relative tensile strength, which is an indicator of oil resistance, are in agreement with those of the blend morphology, indicating that the oil resistance in a 20/80 NR/NBR blend strongly depends on the phase morphology of the blend. The smaller the size of NR dispersed phase, the higher the blend resistance to oil.

“…Chiang and Chang13 reported the use of a multifunctional epoxy coupler (TGDDM) to compatibilize the polymer blends of PA6 and PPE, as shown in Scheme (a). A reactive compatibilizer (low‐molecular‐weight bisphenol A epoxy resin E‐44)18 was used to compatibilize the polymer blends incorporating poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and PA6. Because E‐44 was reactive, there was an equilibrium between the reaction of the epoxy groups with PA6 and PET.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Reactions between the epoxy ring and amide group in the area of compatibilization of polymer blends: (a) reactions of PA6, PPE, and TGDDM components13 and (b) reactions among PET, PA6, and the epoxy compatibilizer 18…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosslinking reaction of epoxy resin (diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A) by anionically polymerized polycaprolactam: I. Mechanism and optimization

Gupta¹,

Singhal²,

Nagpal³

2003

Different ratios of epoxy resin, diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and ⑀-caprolactam (starting from 10:90 DGEBA and vice versa), were used to synthesize reactive DGEBA and polycaprolactam blends by the anionic polymerization of ⑀-caprolactam at 140°C. Anionic polymerization was conducted with a strong base such as sodium hydride as a catalyst along with a cocatalyst such as N-acetyl caprolactam. The reaction mechanism, possible cure reactions, and reaction conditions of the reactive blends were studied with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The experiments were carried to study the optimization ratio and the effect of the composition on properties such as hardness and tensile strength of the reactive blends. The DGEBA was crosslinked by polycaprolactam through the reaction of the oxirane group with the amide nitrogen, and the reaction was very fast. A ratio of 80:20 (DGEBA:⑀-caprolactam) was optimum, and the resulting blend showed the highest tensile strength and hardness.