Morphology of gram-positive filamentous bacteria identified in dental plaque by fluorescent antibody technique

Snyder, Marshall L.; Bullock, Wesley W.; Parker, R. B.

doi:10.1016/0003-9969(67)90128-8

Cited by 28 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Indeed, pleomorphic genera such as Aclinomyces almost certainly contribute to this category, just as they are likely contributors to the categories of straight rods and filaments. Although species of Actinomyces are frequently thought of as filamentous because of their appearance in culture, it is worthwhile to remember that in vivo they are most frequently rod-like or coccoid in shape (Snyder et al 1967, Slack et al 1971. In this connection it is interesting to note that a recent study of the cultivable subgingival flora of normal sulci has reported a predominance of either streptococci or Actinomyces in samples taken from seven individuals with clinical healthy gingivae (Slots 1977b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative distribution of bacteria at clinically healthy and periodontally diseased sites in humans*

Listgarten

Helldén

1978

J Clinic Periodontology

623

311

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Samples of subgingival bacteria were collected with a clean curette from two relatively normal and two periodontally diseased sites in each of 12 patients with advanced periodontal disease. The samples were suspended in physiologic saline containing 1 % gelatin and examined within 1 hour by darkfield microscopy. From 100‐200 bacteria were classified on a percentage basis into one of the following categories: (1) coccoid cells, (2) straight rods, (3) filaments, (4) fusiforms, (5) curved rods, (6) small spirochetes, (7) medium‐sized spirochetes, (8) large spirochetes, and (9) motile rods. For each area sampled the following clinical criteria were also recorded: (1) Gingival Index, (2) Plaque Index, (3) probing depth and (4) gingival fluid flow. For each patient separate mean values were calculated for the normal and the diseased sites. The results indicated that significant differences existed in the microbial flora of clinically normal and diseased sites using a paired t‐test comparison (2α= 0.001), with coccoid cells more predominant at normal sites (74.3 % vs. 22.3 %), while at diseased sites motile rods were more frequent (12.7 % vs. 0.3 %), as well as curved rods (1.7 % vs. 0 %), small spirochetes (12.6 % vs. 1.1 %), medium‐sized spirochetes (18.5 % vs. 0.5 %) and large spirochetes (6.7 % vs. 0.2 %). The ratio of motile to non‐motile cells in the normal was 1:49, whereas at diseased sites the ratio was in the vicinity of 1:1. These results clearly show that a different flora is associated with healthy and periodontally diseased sites in the same patient population and that these differences can be detected by means of a technique which is simple and readily adaptable to a clinical setting. The data obtained in this fashion may be useful in monitoring the effect of various treatment modalities on the periodontal flora and possibly in determining the presence or absence of active disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative distribution of bacteria at clinically healthy and periodontally diseased sites in humans*

Listgarten

Helldén

1978

J Clinic Periodontology

623

311

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“…The present study suggests, however, that many of the forms may be Actinomyces cells existing in a coccal or short rod form. Support for this argument can be derived from studies of fluorescentlabeled Actinomyces cells in human dental plaque which show that the organism is often encountered in a coccal or short rod form (Snyder, Bullock & Parker 1967, Slack, Landfried & Gerenczer 1971. Transmission electron microscopic studies of developing dental plaque also show organisms with ceil wall characteristics of Actinomyces to be present in plaque in a short rod form (Listgarten, Mayo & Tremblay 1975, Garant 1976, Listgarten 1976.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriological studies of developing supragingival dental plaque

Socransky

Manganiello

Propas

et al. 1977

J of Periodontal Research

305

154

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The predominant flora of plaque developing on an area of about 1 sq cm. on the middle third of the buccal surface of the upper first molar of one individual was studied. Samples were taken at 5 and 15 min, 1, 2, 4 and 8 hr, and 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 days; the tooth surface was cleaned prior to each period. Plaque samples were handled and cultured under anaerobic conditions utilizing various growth media. AH isolates from blood agar plates in Brewer jars with 30 to 100 colonies were characterized. Streptococcus sanguis, the single‐most predominant organism, and Actinomyces viscosus were consistently found. Streptococcus mitis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Actinomyces israelii, Peptostreptococcus sp. and Veillonella alcalescens were found at more than one time period. High proportions of “suspected pairs” (mixtures of 2 or more intimately‐associated organisms), were regularly detected. Bacterial population changes with time were observed. Many isolates, particularly those present in plaques up to 8 hr, agglutinated in the presence of saliva. Less than half of the isolates, including Gram‐positive saccharolytic rods, staphylococci and some S. sanguis strains, formed plaque in vitro on wires in the presence of sucrose or glucose. The data suggest that the nature of the early microflora observed is determined by bacterial attachment which may be influenced by, amongst others, salivary constituents. Subsequent cell multiplication leads to a large bacterial increase in which proportional changes may occur as a result of differences in bacterial growth.

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“…gingivitis found in experimental animals in this investigation was similar to that reported by Miller and Ripley (1975} in . A. naeslundii has been specifically identified in dental plaque by the use of fluorescent antibody (Snyder, Bullock, andParker, 1967, Slack, Mance, andGerencser, 1973).…”

Section: Cervicoradicular Infections Have Been Induced In Rodents Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Gingivitis in the Albino Hamster

Ranieri

Toto

Gargiulo

1979

Journal of Periodontology

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Morphology of gram-positive filamentous bacteria identified in dental plaque by fluorescent antibody technique

Cited by 28 publications

References 7 publications

Relative distribution of bacteria at clinically healthy and periodontally diseased sites in humans*

Relative distribution of bacteria at clinically healthy and periodontally diseased sites in humans*

Bacteriological studies of developing supragingival dental plaque

Experimental Gingivitis in the Albino Hamster

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