Morphology of Porous and Wrinkled Fibers of Polystyrene Electrospun from Dimethylformamide

Pai, Chia-Ling; Boyce, Mary C.; Rutledge, Gregory C.

doi:10.1021/ma802529h

Cited by 246 publications

(277 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The miscibility of water with solvent causes formation of liquid-liquid phase separation and finally porous features within the fibers occur. Recently, Pai et al reported interior porosity of polystyrene fibers prepared from DMF at different levels of humidity and influence of this internal morphology on mechanical strength and stiffness of the electrospun fibers [15]. The same group also pointed out the development of wrinkled surface topography of fibers that result from buckling instability of the charged jet in poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) and PS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on glassy skin formation of porous polystyrene fibers electrospun from DMF

Demir¹

2010

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Micrometer and submicrometer diameter of polystyrene (PS) fibers were electrospun from various dimethyl formamide (DMF) solutions at different weight fractions under 35% relative humidity. Increasing polymer fraction in the solution results in a gradual morphological transition from beads-with-incipient to bead-free fibers and also increases the diameter. The formation of uniform glassy skin presumably due to radial capillary flow within the liquid jet was confirmed by scanning electron microscope. The thickness of the skin varies with the weight fraction of PS; therefore, it was normalized with respect to average fiber diameter (AFD). The skin gets thinner as the weight fraction of PS increases. In addition, the fibers exhibit highly porous internal structure and smooth surface along with slight porosity. The development of porosity is attributed to liquid-liquid phase separation of water molecules in atmospheric moisture and DMF.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on glassy skin formation of porous polystyrene fibers electrospun from DMF

Demir¹

2010

Express Polym. Lett.

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“…The reason behind this is not fully understood. Surface roughness of electro-spun fibres has been addressed widely (Milleret et al, 2012;Sawawi et al, 2013) and ascribed to process conditions during electro-spinning such as humidity, polymer concentration, and the type of solvent used (Casper et al, 2003;Pai et al, 2009). Increase in the surface roughness of the fibres after onset of degradation in PBS solution at 37°C has been reported for electro-spun poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (Duan et al, 2007) and DegraPol® (Henry et al, 2007) scaffolds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The anisotropic mechanical behaviour of electro-spun biodegradable polymer scaffolds: Experimental characterisation and constitutive formulation

Limbert

Omar

Krynauw

et al. 2016

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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Electro-spun biodegradable polymer fibrous structures exhibit anisotropic mechanical properties dependent on the degree of fibre alignment. Degradation and mechanical anisotropy need to be captured in a constitutive formulation when computational modelling is used in the development and design optimisation of such scaffolds. Biodegradable polyester-urethane scaffolds were electro-spun and underwent uniaxial tensile testing in and transverse to the direction of predominant fibre alignment before and after in vitro degradation of up to 28 days. A microstructurally-based transversely isotropic hyperelastic continuum constitutive formulation was developed and its parameters were identified from the experimental stress-strain data of the scaffolds at various stages of degradation. During scaffold degradation, maximum stress and strain in circumferential direction decreased from 1.02±0.23 MPa to 0.38±0.004 MPa and from 46±11% to 12±2%, respectively. In longitudinal direction, maximum stress and strain decreased from 0.071±0.016 MPa to 0.010±0.007 MPa and from 69±24% to 8±2%, respectively. The constitutive parameters were identified for both directions of the non-degraded and degraded scaffold for strain range varying between 0% and 16% with coefficients of determination r 2 > 0.871. The six-parameter constitutive formulation proved versatile enough to capture the varying non-linear transversely isotropic behaviour of the fibrous scaffold throughout various stages of degradation.

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“…The simulations of Kyu and co-workers [1,[12][13] predicted morphologies that ranged from smooth hollow fibers, to fibers with a smooth surface and porous core, to fibers with porous morphologies both at the fiber surface and in the core. Chia-Ling Pai et al [14] experimentally confirmed the electrospun fibers exhibiting a smooth fiber surface and porous 5th International Conference on Advanced Design and Manufacturing Engineering (ICADME 2015) interior. They found that fibers with a smooth surface and porous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Fabrication, morphologies and properties of luminescent PMMA porous nano-fibers

Xia¹,

Zhao²,

Gao³

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advanced Design and Manufacturing Engineering

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Luminescent poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) porous fibers were prepared by electrospinni-ng technology using a binary solvent system of EA/DMF and DCM/DMF. The effects of the ambient humidity, content of rare earth complex (Tb(phen)L3)，molecular weight of PMMA, and the proportion of E-A/DMF (mass ratio) on the pore formation of the fibers were investigated. The morphology, structure, surface area, and luminescent properties of porous luminescent fibers were characterized. Results showed that when using EA/DMF as mixed solvent system, the solvent ratio has great influence on the pore formation of fibers comparing to the effect of environmental humidity. PMMA fibers with higher molecular weight only have pores on the surface, while relative low molecular weight's fibers have pores both inside and on the surface. The addition of Tb(phen)L3 can improve the morphology of fibers, but the excess will hinder the formation of pores. Due to the effect of porous formation, the surface area of fiber mat increased by 113 m2/g. The as-prepared fibers have good luminescent properties, and high specific surface area. The change in fluorescence intensity affected by water and oil has potential application in oil water separation indicator.

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Morphology of Porous and Wrinkled Fibers of Polystyrene Electrospun from Dimethylformamide

Cited by 246 publications

References 51 publications

Investigation on glassy skin formation of porous polystyrene fibers electrospun from DMF

Investigation on glassy skin formation of porous polystyrene fibers electrospun from DMF

The anisotropic mechanical behaviour of electro-spun biodegradable polymer scaffolds: Experimental characterisation and constitutive formulation

Fabrication, morphologies and properties of luminescent PMMA porous nano-fibers

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