Morphology of Template-Grown Polyaniline Nanowires and Its Effect on the Electrochemical Capacitance of Nanowire Arrays

Abstract

The morphology of polyaniline nanowires grown electrochemically in anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates is strongly influenced by the supporting electrolyte concentration, the potential of electropolymerization, the growth time, and the monomer concentration. Increasing the sulfuric acid concentration during growth induces a transition from solid nanowires with tubular ends to open nanowires. Current transient data for nanowire growth were interpreted quantitatively in terms of instantaneous and progressive nucleation and growth models, and this analysis was consistent with the observed concentration and potential dependence of nanowire vs nanotube growth. The electrochemical capacitance of nanowire arrays in AAO templates was shown to be related to the morphology of the nanowires. Specific capacitance values in the range of 700 F/g (measured at a charge/discharge rate of 5 A/g) were obtained for porous nanowires grown at 0.5 M aniline concentration at high overpotential in 1.5-2.0 M sulfuric acid solutions.

One‐Dimensional Conducting Polymer Nanostructures: Bulk Synthesis and Applications

“…[118] A similar capacitance value of 132 F g À1 has recently been reported for PEDOT nanotubes. An attractive feature of the PEDOT nanotube system is its ability to retain a high energy density at a high power density.…”

Recent advances in conjugated polymer energy storage

“…Research interest in PANI continues to grow due to its oxidative stability, relatively high theoretical capacity, simple synthesis, and electrochemical reversibility. 30,110 PANI is an interesting case with its many redox states, [111][112][113] (Fig. 3).…”

Facile preparation of porous alumina through-hole masks for sputtering by two-layer anodization

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Anodic porous alumina is frequently used as a mask for the fabrication of nanostructures on substrates in various types of dry process, such as vacuum deposition, sputtering, and dry etching. [10][11][12][13] The naturally occurring ordered hole array structure of anodic porous alumina, which is formed by the anodization of Al in an acidic electrolyte, allows the fabrication of nanostructures with desired dimensions on substrates through such dry processes.…”