Morphology of the Gastric Mill of the Genus Thysanopoda (Euphausiacea)

Suh, Hae‐Lip

doi:10.2307/1548337

Cited by 15 publications

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References 12 publications

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“…These methods are able to resolve the broad food web structure, but each has several limitations. For example, stomach content analysis provides a snapshot of information on food recently ingested in the field and a well-developed stomato gastric system makes it difficult to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze food items (Suh & Toda 1992). Rearing experiments are usually carried out under arti ficially controlled conditions (Schmidt et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogenetic diet shift in the euphausiid Euphausia pacifica quantified using stable isotope analysis

Park¹,

Kang²,

Suh³

2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The euphausiid Euphausia pacifica is an omnivorous species of plankton that has been implicated in important food web processes such as the lengthening of food chains and the restructuring of community dynamics and energy transfer. We used carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes (δ 13 C and δ 15 N) to quantify the ontogenetic diet shift in E. pacifica in the East Sea (Japan Sea or Sea of Japan). Analyses revealed that δ 15 N values of adults (4.17 ± 0.10 ‰) were significantly lower than those of juveniles (5.40 ± 0.30 ‰), reflecting a shift in the diet of E. pacifica adults towards copepod Neocalanus cristatus carcasses, which have been suggested to drift throughout the year in the epipelagic layer of the East Sea. This suggests a trend toward increasing detritivory with maturity, which is not consistent with the results of previous conventional approaches to diet analysis in E. pacifica. Our results should be useful to modelers concerned with quantifying the effects of E. pacifica on energy transfer in marine food chains. KEY WORDS: Euphausia pacifica · Ontogenetic diet shift · Stable isotope analysis · East Sea · Sea of Japan · Trophic level · Copepod carcass · Neocalanus cristatus Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 429: [103][104][105][106][107][108][109] 2011 from juveniles to adults, suggesting that there is competition between the 2 stages for food (Suh & Choi 1998).Stable isotope methodology is extensively used to estimate ecosystem characteristics as a complementary method of dietary analysis and to provide real time, integrated information of trophic relationships and energy flows from primary producers to higher trophic levels (Cabana & Rasmussen 1994). To better predict the effects of Euphausia pacifica on food web processes, we used both carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes (δ 13 C and δ 15 N, respectively) to quantify onto genetic diet shifts in this species in its natural en vi ronment (McConnaughey & McRoy 1979, Fry & Sherr 1984, Frazer et al. 1997, Matthews & Mazumder 2008.The objectives of our study were to (1) evaluate the fractionation of δ 13 C and δ 15 N ratios for juveniles and adults of Euphausia pacifica as well as coexisting sources of organic matter and (2) test for trophic level variation or ontogenetic diet change in a natural population of this omnivore. MATERIALS AND METHODSSampling and sorting. From 12 to 14 May 2007, samples were collected at the 4 stations in the East Sea (Japan Sea) indicated in Fig. 1 and Table 1, as a part of the Korean EAST-1 program (EAST-1; www.east-1.snu.ac.kr). Zooplankton were collected with a twin bongo net (0.6 m diameter openings, 150 and 300 µm mesh sizes) equipped with a calibrated flow meter. Oblique hauls were conducted from approximately 280 m depth to the surface. All samples were immediately fixed in 95% ethanol (30% final concentration). The euphausiid Euphausia pacifica, the dominant copepod Metridia pacifica and NCCs were removed from the bulk zooplankton samples. NCCs, in...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogenetic diet shift in the euphausiid Euphausia pacifica quantified using stable isotope analysis

Park¹,

Kang²,

Suh³

2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…However, there is a great diversity in the morphology of the euphausiid foreguts. With respect to presence or absence of lateral teeth and filter press, Suh & Nemoto (1988) divided the euphausiid foreguts into three distinct types, and suggested that the foregut structure is related more to the euphausiid phylogeny than to its diet (Suh & Nemoto, 1988 ;Suh, 1990;Suh & Toda, 1992) . Recently, Suh et al (1994) reached a similar conclusion in their study on ontogeny of foregut of Euphausia pacifica .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Information available on the gastric mill structure of 27 species of euphausiids has been presented by the work of Suh & Nemoto (1988), Suh (1989), Dalley & McClatchie (1989), Suh (1990), Ullrich et al . (1991) and Suh & Toda (1992) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The gastric mill of euphausiid crustaceans: a comparison of eleven species

Suh

1996

Hydrobiologia

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The morphology of the gastric mill of 11 species in the family Euphausiidae is described . Two distinct arrangements can be recognized with respect to presence or absence of lateral teeth . One is the well-developed gastric mill of Thysanoessa gregaria, T inermis, T macrura and Pseudeuphausia sinica ; the other is the gastric mill without lateral teeth of Nematoscelis atlantica, N . difficilis, N megalops, Nematobrachion flexipes, N. sexspinosum, Stylocheiron abbreviatum, and S. carinatum. This supports the close relationships of the four species of both genera, Thysanoessa and Pseudeuphausia on the one hand and seven species belonging to Nematobrachion, Nematoscelis, and Stylocheiron on the other hand. The hypothesis that species in the same genus have similar gastric mill morphology, which was once rejected in the genus Thysanopoda, is accepted in all five genera examined here . Functional morphology of euphausiid foreguts is discussed .

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“…The number and shape of the ossicles, particularly those of the gastric mill, vary between species and have been suggested as potentially useful taxonomic characters (Maynard and Dando, 1974; Meiss and Norman, 1977a, b, c). Comparative studies between decapod infraorders have been reported (for example: Patwardhan, 1935b, c, d, e, f;Schaeffer, 1970;Maynard and Dando, 1974;Powell, 1974; Meiss and Norman, 1977a, b, c; Kunze and Anderson, 1979; Suthers and Anderson, 1981;Suthers, 1984;Felgenhauer and Abele, 1989).Studies of the foreguts of nondecapod eucarid, peracarid, and syncarid malacostracans range across many taxa, including amphipods (e.g., Schmitz and Scherrey, 1983;Carlton and Schmitz, 1989;Coleman, 1991 Coleman, , 1994, isopods (e.g., Schmitz, 1986;Storch, 1987), mysids (e.g., Friesen et al, 1986; Storch, 1989), and euphausiids (e.g., Suh and Nemoto, 1988;Suh, 1990;Ullrich et al, 1991; Suh et al, 1994). Previous studies of the foregut in Syncarida (Smith, 1909;Siewing, 1956; Kunze, 1981;Oshel and Steele, 1988;Wallis, 1995) provide morphological detail and interpretation of features at a histological and SEM level.…”

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confidence: 99%

Foregut Morphology and Feeding Strategies in the Syncarid Malacostracan Anaspides Tasmaniae: Correlating Structure and Function

Wallis

Macmillan

1998

Journal of Crustacean Biology

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The foregut in malacostracan crustaceans is an ectodermally derived structure that shows morphological variation among taxa. Foregut morphology was studied in a syncarid, Anaspides tasmaniae, with the dual aims of describing the structure and of elucidating similarities and differences between A. tasmaniae and other malacostracans. The feeding habits of A. tasmaniae were also studied to correlate structure and function. The feeding strategy adopted by A. tasmaniae, predominantly detritivory, but preying occasionally on large food items, may be influenced by constraints of the morphology of the foregut. Scanning electron microscopy and conventional histological techniques revealed that the foregut of A. tasmaniae lacks ossicles and that internal skeletal elements are fashioned from invaginations of the external wall. These internal elements, which direct food particles and act as sieves, are densely setose. There is no evidence of calcification nor of the ossicles that characterize many decapod foreguts. The musculature is simple and acts principally to squeeze the entire foregut rather than to cause discrete movements of individual skeletal elements. The foregut of A. tasmaniae is not easily compared to the highly modified foreguts of decapods, but it shows many similarities to the foreguts of nondecapod taxa.The foregut of malacostracan crustaceans has been investigated anatomically in many taxa, but only recently have authors begun to correlate structure, function, and evolutionary constraints. Comparison of foregut structure and operation in related taxa can provide insights into evolution, and may be useful in taxonomy, in a similar way as comparison of external features. Here, feeding behavior and foregut morphology of a representative of a little-studied group of malacostracans, the Syncarida, is described and compared with those of other malacostracans.Anaspides tasmaniae Thompson, 1893, is the largest representative of the Syncarida. The syncarids are potentially a pivotal group in studying malacostracan evolution, because of their many undifferentiated or "primitive" traits, such as their lack of a carapace and their nearly complete segmentation. Despite their potential in evolutionary and comparative investigations, they are a poorly studied group, because many syncarids are interstitial or cave dwellers and the largest members that live above ground are found only in Tasmania, Australia. Moreover, since this animal, A. tasmaniae, is found only in alpine and subalpine mountain streams and tarns, it is relatively inaccessible even in its natural environment.There have been numerous studies of the morphology of the foregut in malacostracans. Two distinct foregut types are recognized, the "isopod type" and the "decapod type." These share basic similarities but differ in many respects (Ullrich et al., 1991 ). Workers in the field have tended to segregate themselves into two groups based on the type of foregut studied. This has led to two relatively separate bodies of literature concerning the foreg...

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Morphology of the Gastric Mill of the Genus Thysanopoda (Euphausiacea)

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Ontogenetic diet shift in the euphausiid Euphausia pacifica quantified using stable isotope analysis

Ontogenetic diet shift in the euphausiid Euphausia pacifica quantified using stable isotope analysis

The gastric mill of euphausiid crustaceans: a comparison of eleven species

Foregut Morphology and Feeding Strategies in the Syncarid Malacostracan Anaspides Tasmaniae: Correlating Structure and Function

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