Morphometric evaluation of the foramen magnum for sex determination: A study from Saudi Arabia

Madadin, Mohammed; Menezes, Ritesh G.; Saif, Hind S. Al; Alola, Hossain Abu; Muhanna, Afnan Al; Gullenpet, Abid Hussain; Nagesh, K.R.; Kharoshah, Magdy A.; Dhafery, Bander Al

doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2017.01.001

Cited by 36 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In our study, the foramen magnum index was 82.87 in women and 84.15 in men. This variation could be because of different ethnic groups and suggest that dimensions should be evaluated separately in different societies and races [21]. The study of Kamath et al in India [22] also showed a significant difference in foramen magnum parameters between two genders ( Table 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Value of Foramen Magnum Diameters for Gender Identification Among Iranian Population

Soltani

Ali

Saboori-Shekofte

et al. 2019

Int J Med Toxicol Forensic Med

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Background: By assessing the size of the foramen magnum, it is possible to distinguish two genders, as well as the intergenerational interdependence of the affected individuals. The present study aimed at assessing the value of diameters of foramen magnum for gender identification among the Iranian population.Methods: This analytical comparative cross-sectional study was performed on 200 Iranian cadavers (100 men and 100 women) referred to Kahrizak Autopsy Hall in Tehran between 2017 and 2018. In each case, the foramen magnum was measured by observation and its parameters were measured in a longitudinal anteroposterior and transverse diameter, using a calibrated caliper.Results: The Mean±SD anterior-posterior diameter of the foramen magnum in men and women were 35.59±0.49 mm and 33.90±1.07 mm, respectively, which was significantly higher in men (P<0.001). Similarly, the Mean±SD transverse diameter of the foramen magnum in males and females was 29.49±0.56 mm and 28.5±0.50 mm, respectively, which was significantly higher in men (P<0.001). Based on the area analysis under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, the anterior-posterior and transverse diameters of the foramen magnum had a high value in the differentiation of the male and female genders (AUC=0.953 and 0.896, respectively, P<0.001). The Mean±SD foramen magnum index in men and women was 84.15±3.02 and 82.87±1.95, respectively, which had a significant difference between the two genders.Conclusion: Given that the anterior-posterior and transverse diameters of the foramen magnum in Iranian men are far more than Iranian women, these diameters can be used to distinguish between the two genders in the precise legal field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Value of Foramen Magnum Diameters for Gender Identification Among Iranian Population

Soltani

Ali

Saboori-Shekofte

et al. 2019

Int J Med Toxicol Forensic Med

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“…Ahmed et al, [14][15] reported that sexual dimorphism ratio (male/female ratios) for the mean measurements were greater than unity, indicating that the male crania were larger in all linear dimensions than female crania. This correlates well with the present study which reported that sexual dimorphism ratio for the mean measurements were greater than unity too.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric Analysis of Biasterion Length and Cranial Vault Weight of Nigerian Skulls

Orish¹,

Amasiatu²

2020

IJBSE

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Anthropometry involves the systematic measurement of the physical properties of the human body, primarily dimensional descriptors of body size and shape. It plays an important role in industrial design, clothing, ergonomics and architecture. Skull is important in this regard as it resists adverse environmental conditions over time. The present study aims to determine the anthropometric dimensions of biasterion length and cranial vault weight of Nigerian skulls. One hundred adult dry skulls, (82 males, and 18 females) free from damage and deformities collected from eleven Departments of Anatomy in Nigerian Universities were used. Tape and weighing scale were used to measure biasterion length and weight of cranial vault. Data was analyzed with Graph Pad Prism 5.03. The mean±SEM, maximum, minimum and sexual dimorphism ratio were computed. The mean of biasterion length (mm) of male and female were 127.0±0.90 and 123.0±1.56 mm respectively while the weight of cranial vault for male and female were 330±6.08 and 308±7.84 respectively. The result of this study will be of importance in providing new perspectives on human osteology and in sex determination in forensic anthropology.

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“…In recent years, improvement in imaging diagnosis technology in veterinary medicine has enabled the evaluation of the expansion of the FM because occipital dysplasia can be viewed in greater detail using CT rather than radiography. The FM index, an index of the size of the FM, is calculated by measuring the maximum width and height of the FM in a CT image or frame specimen of the head [16, 25, 32, 41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of atlantooccipital overlapping and cerebral ventricle size in dogs with atlantoaxial instability

Takahashi

Kouno

Yamaguchi

et al. 2019

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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This study investigated cerebral ventricle size and concurrent craniocervical junction abnormality in relation to atlantooccipital overlapping (AOO) in dogs with atlantoaxial instability (AAI). A total of 61 dogs were treated with atlantoaxial ventral fixation. Medical records of each dog, including magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) images, were retrospectively reviewed. CT images were assessed for the presence of AOO and the dogs were then assigned to either an AOO group or a non-AOO group accordingly. CT images were also evaluated to determine the foramen magnum (FM) index. Syringomyelia, cerebellar compression, dorsal compression, and the degree of enlargement of each cerebral ventricle were evaluated using MR images. Of the 61 dogs, 23 had AOO and 38 did not. Furthermore, the ventricle/brain height ratio, the fourth ventricle height/cerebellum length ratio, and the fourth ventricle width/cerebellum length ratio were significantly higher in the AOO group than in the non-AOO group. However, the FM index, third ventricle/brain height ratio, and incidence of syringomyelia did not differ significantly between the two groups. Dogs with concurrent AOO exhibited significantly more dilatation of the lateral and fourth ventricles.

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Morphometric evaluation of the foramen magnum for sex determination: A study from Saudi Arabia

Cited by 36 publications

References 8 publications

The Value of Foramen Magnum Diameters for Gender Identification Among Iranian Population

The Value of Foramen Magnum Diameters for Gender Identification Among Iranian Population

Morphometric Analysis of Biasterion Length and Cranial Vault Weight of Nigerian Skulls

Evaluation of atlantooccipital overlapping and cerebral ventricle size in dogs with atlantoaxial instability

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