Morphometry of nerve fiber bundle pores in the optic nerve head of the human

Ogden, Thomas E.; Duggan, John; Danley, Kathleen; Wilcox, Michael; Minckler, Don S.

doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(88)80012-5

Cited by 80 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Previous histological studies have measured the optic disc area to range between 2.48 and 2.75 mm 2 [11,12,13]. However, the ONH size as measured with the SD-OCT/SLO, is larger than the histological ONH area measurement, and the ONH size as measured with the HRT-III is smaller than the histological ONH area measurement than that obtained by the histological studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Comparison of Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography and Heidelberg Retina Tomograph III Optic Nerve Head Parameters in Glaucoma

2012

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Background: To evaluate the agreement between the optic nerve head (ONH) measurements obtained by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography/scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SD-OCT/SLO) and the Heidelberg retinal tomograph III (HRT-III), and to compare the ONH measurements of both devices in different glaucoma types. Methods: In a prospective study, 30 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and 30 patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) were enrolled. All patients underwent SD-OCT/SLO and HRT-III evaluation of the ONH during the same visit. Agreement between measurements of SD-OCT/SLO and HRT-III were evaluated by determination of intraclass correlation coeficients. In addition, mean ONH measurements obtained with both devices were compared between POAG and PXG patient groups. Results: Mean SD-OCT/SLO measurements were greater than those of HRT-III, except for mean and maximum cup depth. Intraclass correlation coefficient values for disc area, rim area, cup area, cup/disc area ratio, mean cup depth and maximum cup depth were 0.367, 0.213, 0.632, 0.681, 0.775 and 0.661, respectively. No significant differences were found between ONH parameters of POAG and PXG patients as measured with both devices (p > 0.01). Conclusion: ONH measurements with SD-OCT/SLO and HRT-III did not show clinically acceptable agreement in glaucoma patients. This precludes interchangeable use of these measurements in clinical practice. PXG and POAG patient groups displayed similar ONH measurements with both devices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Comparison of Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography and Heidelberg Retina Tomograph III Optic Nerve Head Parameters in Glaucoma

2012

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“…In both species, this unmyelinated region contains glial tubes that lie in an antero-posterior direction. These glial tubes are larger and less numerous at anterior locations of the nerve head (Ogden et al, 1988). Oligodendrocytes and NG2 expressing cells do not appear until the myelinated region of the nerve.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Both have various morphological types of astrocytes within the optic nerve head region. When transverse sections labeled with GFAP are observed, the glial lamina of the mouse optic nerve very much resembles the human lamina cribrosa, as both have an overall honeycomb appearance in which axon bundles travel through holes (Ogden et al, 1988). Most importantly, the optic axons in both cases are directly ensheathed by astrocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the level of the glial lamina, discrete axon bundles are discernable (only a minor portion of all axon bundles are labeled because the DiI crystal was placed onto the peripheral retina, so only the axons from a sector comprising about a fourth of the retina came into contact with the dye). In the myelinated region, the axons have dispersed and course towards the chiasm without an obvious topographic relationship (Horton et al, 1979;Radius and Anderson, 1979;Ogden et al, 1988). The bundled arrangement of axons within the optic nerve head region is also obvious in a longitudinal section ( Fig.…”

Section: Astrocytes Of the Optic Nerve Head Form Glial Tubesmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The morphology and spatial arrangement of astrocytes in the optic nerve head of the mouse

Sun

Lye-Barthel

Jakobs

2009

J of Comparative Neurology

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We evaluated the shapes, numbers, and spatial distribution of astrocytes within the glial lamina, an astrocyte-rich region at the junction of the retina and optic nerve. A primary aim was to determine how the population of astrocytes, collectively, partitions the axonal space in this region. Astrocyte processes labeled with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) compartmentalize ganglion cell axons into bundles, forming "glial tubes", and giving the glial architecture of the optic nerve head in transverse section a honeycomb appearance. The shapes of individual astrocytes were studied using transgenic mice that express enhanced green fluorescent protein in isolated astrocytes (hGFAPpr-EGFP). Within the glial lamina the astrocytes were transverse in orientation, with thick, smooth primary processes emanating from a cytoplasmic expansion of the soma. Spaces between the processes of neighboring astrocytes were spatially aligned, to form the apertures through which the bundles of optic axons pass. The processes of individual astrocytes were farreaching -they could span most of the width of the nerve -and overlapped the anatomical domains of other near and distant astrocytes. Thus, astrocytes in the glial lamina do not tile: each astrocyte participates in ensheathing approximately one quarter of all of the axon bundles in the nerve, and each glial tube contains the processes of ~ 9 astrocytes. This raises the mechanistic question how, in glaucoma or other cases of nerve damage, the glial response can be confined to a circumscribed region where damage to axons has occurred.

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“…Ogden et al [9] conducted a thorough morphometric study of the laminar pores by light microscopy but appreciation of the three-dimensional ap pearance of the ECM has not progressed beyond the work of Wilczek [5] who created plastic models of the lamina based on his observations o f sequential sections. With these he emphasised the porous nature o f the ECM and its organisa tion into plates.…”

Section: Light M Icroscop Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Three-Dimensional Structure of the Connective Tissue in the Lamina Cribrosa of the Human Optic Nerve Head

Birch

Brotchie²,

Roberts³

et al. 1997

Ophthalmologica

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Comprehensive understanding of the three-dimensional structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the lamina cribrosa is central to understanding its role in health and disease, particularly how changes in configuration might precipitate nerve fibre death in glaucoma. Research until recently has relied almost entirely on light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to investigate the ECM of the lamina cribrosa. In this paper, we review the contribution of these methods to current understanding of the three-dimensional structure of the lamina ECM, highlight their potential weaknesses and emphasise that there is still much to be revealed about the structure of the lamina ECM. We then describe our development of confocal microscopy and computer reconstruction as a new and alternative method of investigating the three-dimensional structure of the lamina ECM. We show how optical sectioning allows the confocal microscope to acquire three-dimensional images of the lamina ECM without the degree of tissue disruption associated with preparation for SEM and demonstrate the versatility of analysis of these images by computer reconstructive software. A case is made for confocal microscopy and computer reconstruction contributing to our understanding of this important but complex and delicate structure.

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Morphometry of nerve fiber bundle pores in the optic nerve head of the human

Cited by 80 publications

References 9 publications

Comparison of Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography and Heidelberg Retina Tomograph III Optic Nerve Head Parameters in Glaucoma

Comparison of Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography and Heidelberg Retina Tomograph III Optic Nerve Head Parameters in Glaucoma

The morphology and spatial arrangement of astrocytes in the optic nerve head of the mouse

The Three-Dimensional Structure of the Connective Tissue in the Lamina Cribrosa of the Human Optic Nerve Head

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