Mortality after anti-tuberculosis treatment completion: results of long-term follow-up

Shuldiner, Jennifer; Leventhal, Alex; Chemtob, Daniel; Mor, Zohar

doi:10.5588/ijtld.14.0427

Cited by 38 publications

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“…Wang et al and Huaman et al (2017) reported TB type-specific estimates but we opted to use the overall TB estimates as they were more stable and in line with our protocol [41,43]. We excluded from all meta-analyses two studies (Giral et al, and Shuldiner et al) that presented only frequency tables for CVD outcomes [44,45]. We excluded Mathew et al from the meta-analyses as the authors did not present a definition of CVD and their study contained only 4 deaths from CVD among TB patients [36], excluded Oh et al as they did not provide definitions for TB or CVD [17], and excluded the estimate for females from Blondal et al, as its confidence interval was asymmetrical [39].…”

Section: Data Synthesis and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among persons diagnosed with tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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Section: Data Synthesis and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among persons diagnosed with tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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“…A study in 27660 SA gold miners over 5 years found progressive FEV1 loss with each tuberculosis recurrence 41 . Former tuberculosis patients are at increased risk of death due to pneumonia and septicaemia 42 , and have reduced longevity 43 , despite TB cure. Multiple inflammatory mechanisms contribute to lung destruction in tuberculosis, including local production and activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) 44 .…”

Section: Host-directed Therapeutics To Accelerate Cure and Prevent Lumentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis—advances in development of new drugs, treatment regimens, host-directed therapies, and biomarkers

Wallis¹,

Maeurer²,

Mwaba³

et al. 2016

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

239

173

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Tuberculosis is the leading infectious cause of death worldwide, with 9·6 million cases and 1·5 million deaths reported in 2014. WHO estimates 480,000 cases of these were multidrug resistant (MDR). Less than half of patients who entered into treatment for MDR tuberculosis successfully completed that treatment, mainly due to high mortality and loss to follow-up. These in turn illustrate weaknesses in current treatment regimens and national tuberculosis programmes, coupled with operational treatment challenges. In this Review we provide an update on recent developments in the tuberculosis drug-development pipeline (including new and repurposed antimicrobials and host-directed drugs) as they are applied to new regimens to shorten and improve outcomes of tuberculosis treatment. Several new or repurposed antimicrobial drugs are in advanced trial stages for MDR tuberculosis, and two new antimicrobial drug candidates are in early-stage trials. Several trials to reduce the duration of therapy in MDR and drug-susceptible tuberculosis are ongoing. A wide range of candidate host-directed therapies are being developed to accelerate eradication of infection, prevent new drug resistance, and prevent permanent lung injury. As these drugs have been approved for other clinical indications, they are now ready for repurposing for tuberculosis in phase 2 clinical trials. We assess risks associated with evaluation of new treatment regimens, and highlight opportunities to advance tuberculosis research generally through regulatory innovation in MDR tuberculosis. Progress in tuberculosis-specific biomarkers (including culture conversion, PET and CT imaging, and gene expression profiles) can support this innovation. Several global initiatives now provide unique opportunities to tackle the tuberculosis epidemic through collaborative partnerships between high-income countries and middle-income and low-income countries for clinical trials training and research, allowing funders to coordinate several national and regional programmes for greatest overall effect.

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“…Several studies have suggested that factors associated with survival in cases of TB are related to the presence of specific comorbidities, including HIV/AIDS and diabetes mellitus [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]; some clinical characteristics, such as drug resistance, default of treatment, extrapulmonary and mixed forms [3,6,10,11]; specific sociodemographic characteristics of patients (age, male gender, schooling, color or race, etc); and lifestyle, such as alcoholism and smoking [4,7,11,12]. In Brazil, few studies of survival analysis after TB treatment were identified in the literature [7,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with death in patients with tuberculosis in Brazil: Competing risks analysis

et al. 2020

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This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with likely TB deaths, likely TB-related deaths and deaths from other causes. Understanding the factors associated with mortality could help the strategy to End TB, especially the goal of reducing TB deaths by 95% between 2015 and 2035. Methods A retrospective, population-based cohort study of the causes of death was performed using a competing risk model in patients receiving treatment for TB. Patients had started TB treatment in Brazil 2008-2013 with any death certificates dated in the same period. We used three categories of deaths, according to ICD-10 codes: i) probable TB deaths; ii) TB-related deaths; iii) deaths from other causes. Results In this cohort, 39,997 individuals (14.1%) died, out of a total of 283,508 individuals. Of these, 8,936 were probable TB deaths (22.4%) and 3,365 TB-related deaths (8.4%), illustrating high mortality rates. 27,696 deaths (69.2%) were from other causes. From our analysis, factors strongly associated with probable TB deaths were male gender (sHR = 1.33, 95% CI:

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Mortality after anti-tuberculosis treatment completion: results of long-term follow-up

Abstract: Individuals who recover from TB are at higher risk of long-term mortality than the general population, and their causes of death are different. Periodical follow-up might be beneficial for individuals to facilitate early diagnosis.

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among persons diagnosed with tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among persons diagnosed with tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Tuberculosis—advances in development of new drugs, treatment regimens, host-directed therapies, and biomarkers

Factors associated with death in patients with tuberculosis in Brazil: Competing risks analysis

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