Mortality in males treated for an eating disorder—A large prospective study

Quadflieg, Norbert; Strobel, Christine; Naab, Silke; Voderholzer, Ulrich; Fichter, Manfred M.

doi:10.1002/eat.23135

Cited by 43 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…After completion of the follow‐up assessment, we gained knowledge that seven males with AN and six males with BN had died. These patients are included in this study using their questionnaire and interview data collected before their death and were also included in the analysis for mortality (Quadflieg, Strobel, Naab, Voderholzer, & Fichter, in press). Figure shows the male sample composition and patient flow in the follow‐up assessment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term outcomes in treated males with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa—A prospective, gender‐matched study

Strobel

Quadflieg

Naab

et al. 2019

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective We report on the long‐term outcome of males compared to females treated for anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN). Methods A total of 119 males with AN and 60 males with BN were reassessed 5.8 ± 4.6 and 7.5 ± 5.9 years (respectively) after treatment and compared to matched female patients. Results At follow‐up, males with AN had a higher body weight than females. For AN, remission rates (40% males vs. 41% females) did not differ at follow‐up. And at follow‐up, more males (34%) than females (19%) had an eating disorder not otherwise specified (ED‐NOS; p < .01). At follow‐up of AN, there was no binge‐eating disorder (BED) and obesity was rare. For BN, remission rates (44% males vs. 50% females) and frequency of AN, BN, BED and ED‐NOS did not differ at follow‐up. Males with AN scored lower than females at follow‐up on most subscales of the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) and on somatization, obsessive–compulsive symptoms, and depression (Brief Symptom Inventory). Males with BN scored lower than females with BN on perfectionism and higher on interpersonal distrust (EDI) at follow‐up. Discussion Results from the scarce literature on males with ED are inconclusive regarding longer term outcome. In the present study, males with AN showed a slightly better outcome than females. In BN, outcome was about the same in males and females. According to our study, existing treatment is equally effective in both males and females. Additional research on the need of gender‐specific diagnosis and therapy is required.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term outcomes in treated males with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa—A prospective, gender‐matched study

Strobel

Quadflieg

Naab

et al. 2019

Intl J Eating Disorders

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“…Finally, in one male-only, 30-year follow-up study of inpatients, SMRs were 5.9 (95% CI 3.6–9.2) for anorexia nervosa, 1.9 (95% CI 0.9–3.6) for bulimia nervosa, and 3.4 (95% CI 1.4–7.0) for EDNOS; all diagnoses according to DSM-IV [ 23 ]. These results are largely in line with previous studies reporting mortality in male patients with an eating disorder.…”

Section: Global Burden Of Disease Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the burden of eating disorders: mortality, disability, costs, quality of life, and family burden

Hoeken

Hoek

2020

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

399

241

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Purpose of review To review the recent literature on the burden of eating disorders in terms of mortality, disability, quality of life, economic cost, and family burden, compared with people without an eating disorder. Recent findings Estimates are that yearly over 3.3 million healthy life years worldwide are lost because of eating disorders. In contrast to other mental disorders, in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa years lived with disability (YLDs) have increased. Despite treatment advances, mortality rates of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa remain very high: those who have received inpatient treatment for anorexia nervosa still have a more than five times increased mortality risk. Mortality risks for bulimia nervosa, and for anorexia nervosa treated outside the hospital, are lower but still about twice those of controls. In people with an eating disorder, quality of life is reduced, yearly healthcare costs are 48% higher than in the general population, the presence of mental health comorbidity is associated with 48% lower yearly earnings, the number of offspring is reduced, and risks for adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes are increased. Summary People with a current or former eating disorder are at risk of increased mortality, high YLD rates, a reduced quality of life, increased costs, and problems with childbearing.

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“…It is estimated that 15% of females and 5.5% of males from high‐income countries will be affected by an eating disorder (ED) or their subthreshold variants (Limbers, Cohen, & Gray, ; Schmidt et al, ), which in Canada translates to close to 5.5 million females and 2 million males suffering from a significant eating‐related struggle at any given time. Elevated mortality rates are associated with all EDs (Hoang, Goldacre, & James, ), although anorexia nervosa (AN) in particular carries the highest risk with a standardized mortality ratio of 5.35 in inpatient samples (Fichter & Quadflieg, ), with males at even greater risk (Quadflieg, Strobel, Naab, Voderholzer, & Fichter, ). Substantial rates of psychosocial impairment (Udo & Grilo, ), somatic conditions (Udo & Grilo, ), and comorbidity are also associated with all EDs (Dooley‐Hash, Adams, Walton, Blow, & Cunningham, ; Kambanis et al, ; Mohammadi et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocreating research priorities for anorexia nervosa: The Canadian Eating Disorder Priority Setting Partnership

Obeid

McVey

Seale

et al. 2020

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective: The Canadian Eating Disorder Priority Setting Partnership was established to identify and prioritize the top 10 research priorities for females, 15 years or older, with anorexia nervosa, by incorporating equal input from those with lived experience, families, and healthcare professionals.Method: This project, which closely followed the James Lind Alliance guidelines, solicited research priorities from the Canadian eating disorder community by means of a five-step process including use of a survey, response collation, literature checking, interim ranking survey, and in-person prioritization workshop.Results: The initial survey elicited 897 priorities from 147 individuals, with almost equal representation from all three stakeholder groups. From this, 603 responses aligned with the project objectives and were collapsed into 71 broader indicative questions. Based on available systematic reviews, 18 indicative questions were removed as they were considered answered by existing literature while 8 indicative questions were added from the recommendations of the reviews. In total, 61 indica-

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Mortality in males treated for an eating disorder—A large prospective study

Cited by 43 publications

References 19 publications

Long‐term outcomes in treated males with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa—A prospective, gender‐matched study

Long‐term outcomes in treated males with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa—A prospective, gender‐matched study

Review of the burden of eating disorders: mortality, disability, costs, quality of life, and family burden

Cocreating research priorities for anorexia nervosa: The Canadian Eating Disorder Priority Setting Partnership

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