Mortality studies of machining fluid exposure in the automobile industry IV; a case-control study of lung cancer

Schroeder, Jane C.; Tolbert, Paige E.; Eisen, Ellen A.; Monson, Richard R.; Hallock, Marilyn F.; Smith, Thomas J.; Woskie, Susan; Hammond, S. Katharine; Milton, Donald K.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199705)31:5<525::aid-ajim5>3.0.co;2-s

Cited by 40 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A nested case-control study (15) suggested an inverse association for synthetic machining fluids, but the more extended follow-up appears to have brought that result closer to the null value. An unusually sophisticated population-based case-control study of occupational cancer by Siemiatycki et al (16) found a 1.5-fold increased risk for exposure to cutting oils and a small increased risk for men with heavy metalworking fluid exposure (SMR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.1-1.4).…”

Section: Lung Cancercontrasting

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic Evidence on the Carcinogenicity of Metalworking Fluids

Savitz¹

2003

Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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The purpose of this review is to organize and evaluate the epidemiologic evidence regarding the potential carcinogenicity of metalworking fluids. Published literature was initially examined to identify the key contributions, with a strong emphasis on the series of studies by Eisen et al. A key challenge to addressing the issue is the diversity of metalworking fluids, additives, and by-products produced in use, along with the notable changes in the composition and use of such agents over time. Although several smaller cohort studies provided useful data on this issue through the 1980s, the Eisen et al. studies offer unique information given the size of the cohort, sophistication in exposure assessment, and detailed analysis of cancer mortality risks within the cohort as a function of estimated exposure. The most notable associations, based on precision, magnitude, and evidence for increasing risk with increasing exposure are those between straight metalworking fluids and both rectal and laryngeal cancer, as well as soluble metalworking fluids and laryngeal cancer. Further progress will require additional studies of the scale of Eisen et al.'s as well as a more systematic approach to integrating information from toxicology and industrial hygiene into the interpretation of the epidemiologic literature.

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Section: Lung Cancercontrasting

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic Evidence on the Carcinogenicity of Metalworking Fluids

Savitz¹

2003

Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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“…Mortality from respiratory cancer was not elevated in the previous followup of this cohort [Decou¯e Â, 1976[Decou¯e Â, , 1978 and ®ndings from other studies have been inconsistent [Coggon et al, 1984;Siemiatycki et al, 1987;Eisen et al, 1992;Tolbert et al, 1992;Acquavella et al, 1993;Delzell et al, 1993;Rotimi et al, 1993;Park et al, 1994]. In a recent study by Schroeder et al [1997], exposure to machining¯uids was not associated with an increased risk of lung cancer mortality in automotive workers. On the other hand, results from several case±controls studies have indicated a statistically signi®cant association between lung cancer mortality and metal working.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Mortality among workers exposed to cutting oil mist: Update of previous reports

Kazerouni¹,

Thomas²,

Petralia³

et al. 2000

Am. J. Ind. Med.

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Background Earlier reports of the mortality experience of this cohort of automotive workers followed from 1938 to 1967 who were exposed to cutting oil mist noted an excess of gastrointestinal cancer. The present report describes the mortality experience of these workers followed for mortality through 1980. Methods Cause‐specific standardized mortality ratios were calculated by comparing the observed number of deaths to the expected numbers based on rates for the U.S. male population. Results The SMRs for liver and biliary tract, and testicular cancers were significantly elevated. Among the subset of workers with heavy oil mist exposure, SMRs were significantly elevated for cancers of the lung and testis, and for Hodgkin's disease. The risk of death due to lung cancer was greatest among workers with heavy exposure to oil mist employed for 15 or more years. Mortality due to stomach cancer was in excess among workers with heavy exposure to oil mist who were employed for 5 or more years. There were significant excesses of deaths due to asthma and emphysema. Conclusions Further studies with information on the presence of contaminants and additives in oil mists will help elucidate the relationship between oil mist exposure and cancer. Am. J. Ind. Med. 38:410–416, 2000. Published 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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“…Our results did not support the hypothesis that soluble aluminium-¯uoro complexes will be formed in the stomach when¯uoride and Al are ingested together, causing an increased absorption (Schroeder et al 1997). Similarly, as in earlier studies (Ahn et al 1995, Varner et al 1998, the presence of high concentrations of¯uoride in the Al-containing drinking water did not markedly change the absorption of Al in the rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…It has been suggested that two common components of drinking water, silicate and¯uoride, may in¯uence the absorption of Al due to the formation of Al-¯uoride and Alsilicate complexes (Schroeder et al 1997, Edwardson et al 1993, Quartley et al 1993. However, the experimental evidence of such an in¯uence of the complexing agents on Al absorption is scarce and contradicting (Edwardson et al 1993, Quartley et al 1993, Ahn et al 1995, Dru È eke et al 1997, Varner et al 1998.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of complexing agents on the solubility and absorption of aluminium in rats exposed to aluminium in water

Glynn¹,

Sparén²,

Danielsson³

et al. 2001

Food Add. Contaminants

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The influence of citrate (0-31 mM), fluoride (0 or 2.6 mM) and silicate (0 or 2.6 mM) on the absorption of Al (0-18 mM) was studied in rats. We tested the hypothesis that the solubility and absorption of Al increases in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in the presence of the complexing agents. Male rats were exposed for 6 or 7 weeks to soluble Al in acidic drinking water (pH 2.5-3.0) with or without the complexing agents. At the end of exposure Al was fractionated in the stomach content, in order to study if the solubility of Al was changed after ingestion. Al absorption was estimated by Al analysis of the right femur bone. Speciation calculations indicated that citrate and fluoride caused formation of soluble Al-citrate (97%) and -fluoride (> 60%) complexes in the water. Silicate did not affect the theoretical speciation. In all cases, a large fraction of soluble Al became insoluble in the stomach after ingestion. The concentration of soluble Al increased only in the presence of citrate or a mixture of fluoride and silicate, but citrate was the only complexing agent that influenced the absorption of Al in the rat. This indicates that the form of Al may be changed in the GI tract when soluble drinking-water Al is ingested, and that the solubility of Al in drinking water and GI tract may not be good predictors of the bioavailability of Al even when chelating agents are present.

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Mortality studies of machining fluid exposure in the automobile industry IV; a case-control study of lung cancer

Cited by 40 publications

References 24 publications

Epidemiologic Evidence on the Carcinogenicity of Metalworking Fluids

Epidemiologic Evidence on the Carcinogenicity of Metalworking Fluids

Mortality among workers exposed to cutting oil mist: Update of previous reports

The influence of complexing agents on the solubility and absorption of aluminium in rats exposed to aluminium in water

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