MoS₂‐Coupled Carbon Nanosheets Encapsulated on Sodium Titanate Nanowires as Super‐Durable Anode Material for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

There is an ever‐increasing demand for rechargeable batteries with fast charging, long cycling, high safety, and low cost in new energy storage systems. Herein, a heterogeneous architecture composed of MoS 2 ‐coupled carbon nanosheets encapsulated on sodium titanate nanowires is developed and demonstrated as an advanced anode for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). Owing to the synergistic effects of ultrastable substrate of 1D sodium titanate (NTO) nanowires, high‐capacity promoter of 2D MoS 2 nanosheets as well as the 2D conductive carbon matrix, the resulting 1D/2D–2D hybrid demonstrates excellent high‐rate capacity and super‐durable cyclability, delivering a stable capacity of up to 425.5 mAh g −1 at 200 mA g −1 . Even at an ultrafast charging/discharging process within 80 s, the capacity can be maintained at 201 mAh g −1 after 16 000 cycles with only 0.0012% capacity loss per cycle, one of the best high‐rate capacities and cyclabilities for NTO‐based hybrid composites. The present work highlights the designing protocol of hierarchical nanoarchitectures with stable substrate and high‐capacity electrodes for next‐generation energy storage applications.

Electrode Materials for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries

“…The presented capacity results for reversible Na storage in the rGO synthesized at 1.0 C (200 mA g −1 ) for the 2nd, 100th, and 250th cycles were 177 mAh g −1 , 110.3 mAh g −1 , and 94.3 mAh g −1 , respectively. Moreover, for over 1000 cycles, the discharge capacity, at 0.2 C (40 mA g −1 ), was 141 mAh g −1 , presenting, therefore, steady cycle retention [146]. These results show the improvement of sodium insertion because of rGO, thereby providing higher capacity values, even for higher current densities, when compared to other carbon allotropes.…”

“…In 2013, for the first time, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as an anode was reported in SIB anodes [146]. In this work, published by Wang et al, rGO was prepared by first oxidizing graphite by a modified Hummers’ method, followed by a heat-treatment.…”

Single‐Step Synthesis of Mesoporous Carbon Nitride/Molybdenum Sulfide Nanohybrids for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries

“…The stacked nanosheets with an interlayer distance of 6.3 Å are MoS 2 whereas the ordered crystals are CN. [11,32] Interestingly, for MoS 2 , lateral size and the number of stacked layers are uniform as 3.5 nm and 5, respectively. The MoS 2 layers are confined by ordered mesoporous carbon nitride, which is a unique hierarchical structure obtained via single-step nanotemplating method.…”

“…[6][7][8][9] In the carbonaceous MoS 2 materials, the carbon acts as an electronic conductive supporting material preventing agglomeration of MoS 2 . [10,11] The carbonaceous MoS 2 materials have been synthesized via nano-structuring, hydrothermal reaction or hybridization approaches. [12][13][14] Recent studies reported that doping of heteroatoms such as B, N, O, P and S in carbon gives rise to electrode performance of the carbon in SIBs because of a favorable change in adsorption energy of sodium ions upon the heteroatom-doping.…”

“…37-1492), indicating successful sulfidation of PMA and DTO into MoS 2 . [11,28] The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of all the peaks of CN/MoS 2 -600 is smaller than that of CN/MoS 2 -500, suggesting higher crystallinity of MoS 2 in the CN/MoS 2 -600 than that in the CNÀ MoS 2 -500. The CN/MoS 2 -700 and CN/MoS 2 -800 show intense diffraction peaks of α-MoO 3 (JCPDS file no.…”