Most excess years of potential life loss among individuals with cirrhosis during the pandemic were not related to COVID-19

Ya, Zhao; Yeo, Yee Hui; Samaan, Jamil; Lv, Fan; He, Xinyuan; Gao, Ning; Park, Justin; Yang, Ju Dong; Ayoub, Walid S; Odden, Michelle C.; Ji, Fanpu; Nguyen, Mindie H.

doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2022-328188

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In addition to social and economic factors, it has been reported that mortality of alcohol-related liver disease had pronounced increase across major liver disease etiologies during the last decade and sharpen with the pandemic, especially for young, non-Hispanic White, and AI/AN (6–9), which was consistent with reports of rising alcohol sales in the United States during the pandemic (14). Increased depression, social isolation, deferral of outpatient visit, and the closure of resources for alcohol treatment that have occurred during the pandemic were potential contributing factors (15).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

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Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Years of Potential Life Loss Among Patients With Cirrhosis During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States

Yeo

Samaan

et al. 2023

Am J Gastroenterol

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Our aim was to evaluate the impact of race/ethnicity on cirrhosis-related premature death during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS:We obtained cirrhosis-related death data (n 5 872,965, January 1, 2012-December 31, 2021) from the US National Vital Statistic System to calculate age-standardized mortality rates and years of potential life lost (YPLL) for premature death aged 25-64 years. RESULTS:Significant racial/ethnic disparity in cirrhosis-related age-standardized mortality rates was noted prepandemic but widened during the pandemic, with the highest excess YPLL for the non-Hispanic American Indian/American Native (2020: 41.0%; 2021: 68.8%) followed by other minority groups (28.7%-45.1%), and the non-Hispanic White the lowest (2020: 20.7%; 2021: 31.6%). COVID-19 constituted >30% of the excess YPLLs for Hispanic and non-Hispanic American Indian/American Native in 2020, compared with 11.1% for non-Hispanic White.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…By contrast, cirrhosis contributes an additional 70% higher risk of death for among patients with COVID-19 (2)(3)(4)(5). Consequently, increased cirrhosis-related deaths and excess years of potential life lost (YPLL) have been reported (6)(7)(8)(9), although the effect of race and ethnicity has not been well characterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Years of Potential Life Loss Among Patients With Cirrhosis During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States

Yeo

Samaan

et al. 2023

Am J Gastroenterol

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“…Starting in 2014, following the introduction of DAA therapy, HCV‐related deaths began to decline 7 . Conversely, mortality related to alcoholic liver diseases was already on the rise before the pandemic, 7 and this increase became even more pronounced in 2020–2021 8,20,26,27 . This may be attributed to increased alcohol consumption, social isolation, and disruptions in healthcare.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Conversely, mortality related to alcoholic liver diseases was already on the rise before the pandemic, 7 and this increase became even more pronounced in 2020-2021. 8,20,26,27 This may be attributed to increased alcohol consumption, social isolation, and disruptions in healthcare. The data from Northeastern Italy presented here are the first outside of the US to assess the impact of DAA therapy on mortality at the population level.…”

Section: Yearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality related to HCV and other chronic liver diseases in Veneto (Italy), 2008–2021: Changes in trends and age‐period‐cohort effects

Casotto,

Amidei,

Saia

et al. 2023

Liver International

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Background and AimsThe objective of this study was to assess the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic and direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) agents on mortality related to chronic liver diseases (CLD).MethodsAge‐standardized mortality rates were computed based on CLD as the underlying cause of death (UCOD) and as any mention in death certificates (multiple causes of death‐MCOD). Time trends in age‐standardized mortality rates were investigated using generalized estimation equation models. Additionally, we conducted age, period, and birth cohort (APC) analyses on CLD‐related mortality associated with alcohol and hepatitis C virus (HCV).ResultsBetween 2008 and 2021, among residents in the Veneto region (Northeastern Italy) aged ≥35 years, there were 20 409 deaths based on the UCOD and 30 069 deaths based on MCOD from all CLD. We observed a 4% annual decline in age‐standardized MCOD‐based mortality throughout 2008–2021, with minor peaks corresponding to COVID‐19 epidemic waves. Starting in 2016, the decline in HCV‐related mortality accelerated further (p < .001). A peak in HCV‐related mortality in the 1963–1967 birth cohort was observed, which levelled off by the end of the study period. Mortality related to alcoholic liver disease declined at a slower pace, becoming the most common aetiology mentioned in death certificates.ConclusionsThe study demonstrates a significant decrease in HCV‐related mortality at the population level in Italy with the introduction of DAAs. Continuous monitoring of MCOD data is warranted to determine if this favourable trend will continue. Further studies utilizing additional health records are needed to clarify the role of other CLD etiologies.

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“…Regarding liver related mortality, using nationwide data in the United States, an increase in excess premature deaths were observed in 2020-2021 and around 80% of those were not related to COVID-19 itself, but to indirect impact of the pandemic, such as disruption of healthcare delivery. Causes of death were mostly related to alcoholic liver disease, HBV, HCV and fatty liver disease [13][14][15].…”

Section: Andandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on co-morbidities in HIV

Guaraldi

Milić

2023

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS

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Purpose of reviewThis perspective paper offers some reflections on an hypothesized changing scenario of HIV comorbidities in the years to come and provides some insights on how to improve screening and management of people with HIV (PWH) in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era.Recent findings PWH may experience a higher burden of excess disease and mortality associated with noninfectious comorbidities in the COVID-19 era. HIV care must move beyond viral--immunological success to incorporate patient-centered outcomes based on the intrinsic characteristics of the individual and its environment, assessment and screening for comorbidities, evaluation of aging and geriatric syndromes and last but not least fight stigma, ageism and inequality to access to care. Summary COVID-19 is widening the gap between unmet needs of PWH and healthcare systems. An increasing burden of comorbidities, multimorbidity and frailty is affecting PWH which requires redesign of care delivery oriented around the diverse needs of individuals, rather than the prerequisites of providers, and must ensure health equity. In particular, any changes to care delivery must address existing disparities in access and care among PWH and fight stigma.

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Most excess years of potential life loss among individuals with cirrhosis during the pandemic were not related to COVID-19

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Years of Potential Life Loss Among Patients With Cirrhosis During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Years of Potential Life Loss Among Patients With Cirrhosis During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States

Mortality related to HCV and other chronic liver diseases in Veneto (Italy), 2008–2021: Changes in trends and age‐period‐cohort effects

Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on co-morbidities in HIV

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