Motivated semantic control: Exploring the effects of extrinsic reward and self‐reference on semantic retrieval in semantic aphasia

Souter, Nicholas E.; Stampacchia, Sara; Hallam, Glyn; Thompson, Hannah E.; Smallwood, Jonathan; Jefferies, Elizabeth

doi:10.1111/jnp.12272

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Patients' degree of semantic control impairment was quantified using the results of PCA previously conducted on a larger sample (N = 17, including the current five; Souter, Stampacchia, et al, 2022). Regression scores were taken as patients' semantic control composite scores.…”

Section: Background Neuropsychological Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do valence and meaning interact? The contribution of semantic control

Souter

Reddy

Walker

et al. 2023

Journal of Neuropsychology

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The hub‐and‐spoke model of semantic cognition proposes that conceptual representations in a heteromodal ‘hub’ interact with and emerge from modality‐specific features or ‘spokes’, including valence (whether a concept is positive or negative), along with visual and auditory features. As a result, valence congruency might facilitate our ability to link words conceptually. Semantic relatedness may similarly affect explicit judgements about valence. Moreover, conflict between meaning and valence may recruit semantic control processes. Here we tested these predictions using two‐alternative forced‐choice tasks, in which participants matched a probe word to one of two possible target words, based on either global meaning or valence. Experiment 1 examined timed responses in healthy young adults, while Experiment 2 examined decision accuracy in semantic aphasia patients with impaired controlled semantic retrieval following left hemisphere stroke. Across both experiments, semantically related targets facilitated valence matching, while related distractors impaired performance. Valence congruency was also found to facilitate semantic decision‐making. People with semantic aphasia showed impaired valence matching and had particular difficulty when semantically related distractors were presented, suggesting that the selective retrieval of valence information relies on semantic control processes. Taken together, the results are consistent with the hypothesis that automatic access to the global meaning of written words affects the processing of valence, and that the valence of words is also retrieved even when this feature is task‐irrelevant, affecting the efficiency of global semantic judgements.

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Section: Background Neuropsychological Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do valence and meaning interact? The contribution of semantic control

Souter

Reddy

Walker

et al. 2023

Journal of Neuropsychology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Each patient was impaired on at least one verbal and nonverbal measure of semantic control, consistent with the original definition of SA as impairment in the flexible manipulation of information for symbolic processing (Head, 1926). Patients' degree of semantic impairment was quantified using the results of PCA previously conducted on a sample of SA patients (N = 17, including the current five; Souter et al, 2022). Regression scores were taken as patients' semantic composite scores.…”

Section: Background Neuropsychological Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do valence and meaning interact? The contribution of semantic control

Souter¹,

Reddy²,

Walker³

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The hub and spoke model of semantic cognition proposes that conceptual representations in a heteromodal ‘hub’ interact with and emerge from modality-specific features or ‘spokes’, including valence (whether a concept is positive or negative), along with visual and auditory features. As a result, valence congruency might facilitate our ability to link words conceptually. Semantic relatedness may similarly affect explicit judgements about valence. Moreover, conflict between meaning and valence may recruit semantic control processes. Here we tested these predictions using two-alternative forced-choice tasks, in which participants matched a probe word to one of two possible target words, based on either global meaning or valence. Experiment 1 examined timed responses in healthy young adults, while Experiment 2 examined decision accuracy in semantic aphasia patients with impaired controlled semantic retrieval following left hemisphere stroke. Across both experiments, semantically related targets facilitated valence matching, while related distractors impaired performance. Valence congruency was also found to facilitate semantic decision-making. People with semantic aphasia showed impaired valence matching in Experiment 2 and had particular difficulty when semantically related distractors were presented, suggesting that the selective retrieval of valence information relies on semantic control processes. Taken together, the results are consistent with the hypothesis that automatic access to the global meaning of written words affects the processing of valence, and that the valence of words is also retrieved even when this feature is task-irrelevant, affecting the efficiency of global semantic judgements.

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