Motivational interviewing and interaction skills training for parents of young adults with recent-onset schizophrenia and co-occurring cannabis use: 15-month follow-up

Smeerdijk, M.; Keet, R.; Raaij, B. van; Koeter, Maarten W. J.; Linszen, Don; Haan, Lieuwe de; Schippers, Gerard M.

doi:10.1017/s0033291715000793

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…We may conclude that the training program led to meaningful changes in caregiver’s lives. Our results confirm the findings of an earlier study [ 12 ] where families who completed the IST reduced burden effectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The psychosocial intervention in this therapy targeted the patient’s closest family member or relative. Smeerdijk and colleagues found that the combination of family motivational interventions (MI) and the IST was effective in reducing family members’ worrying and burden [ 12 ]. A systematic evaluation by Signe & Elmståhl [ 13 ] showed that 90% of family caregivers expressed great satisfaction with respect to psychosocial interventions intended to meet caregiver’s needs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of an interaction-skills training for reducing the burden of family caregivers of patients with severe mental illness: a pre-posttest design

et al. 2018

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BackgroundFamily members who care for patients with severe mental illness experience emotional distress and report a higher incidence of mental illness than those in the general population. They report feeling inadequately prepared to provide the necessary practical and emotional support for these patients. The MAT training, an Interaction-Skills Training program (IST) for caregivers, was developed to meet those needs. This study used a single-arm pretest-posttest design to examine the impact of the training on caregivers’ sense of competence (self-efficacy) and burden.MethodsOne hundred family caregivers recruited from three mental health institutions participated in the training. Burden was assessed using the Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire, and self-efficacy using the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to investigate whether participation in the training changed the level of family caregivers’ burden and self-efficacy. Pearson’s correlation was used to examine the relationships between self-efficacy and burden.ResultsOur results indicate that, after the training, self-efficacy increased significantly over time (p < 0.001) and that burden decreased significantly (p < 0.001). However, the results could not demonstrate the expected association between an increase of self-efficacy and decrease of burden. Caregivers expressed high appreciation for the training.ConclusionsAfter following the IST program, family caregivers of patients with severe mental illness experienced a greater sense of competence and a significant decrease in burden. The training was greatly appreciated and satisfied caregivers’ need to acquire the skills required in complex caregiving situations.Trial registrationThis study was retrospectively registered (14/01/2018) in the ISRCTN registry with study ID ISRCTN44495131.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of an interaction-skills training for reducing the burden of family caregivers of patients with severe mental illness: a pre-posttest design

et al. 2018

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“…Finally, a trial conducted in the Netherlands demonstrated that a family motivational intervention (parents n = 53, patients n = 37) which focuses on establishing a supportive family environment, compared to routine family support (parents n = 44, patients n = 38) was effective at reducing frequency and quantity of cannabis use in adolescent and young adult patients with schizophrenia at 3 month follow-up (Smeerdijk et al, 2012). This was sustained at 15-month follow-up (Smeerdijk et al, 2015). There were no significant changes from baseline in use of alcohol or any other drugs other than cannabis during this trial.…”

Section: Psychosismentioning

confidence: 95%

“…A Cochrane review published in 2014 concluded that there is a lack of good quality evidence for the efficacy of any psychosocial or pharmacological treatment at reducing cannabis use in psychosis (McLoughlin et al, 2014) (Table 3). Studies conducted since the publication of that review have had mixed findings (Rabin et al, 2018; Sheridan Rains et al, 2019; Smeerdijk et a., 2015). Tailored and time-intensive cannabis-focused treatment plans have not provided better outcomes than treatment as usual (Wisdom, Manuel, & Drake, 2011).…”

Section: Psychosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial and pharmacological treatments for cannabis use disorder and mental health comorbidities: a narrative review

et al. 2021

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Cannabis is the most widely used illicit drug worldwide, and it is estimated that up to 30% of people who use cannabis will develop a cannabis use disorder (CUD). Demand for treatment of CUD is increasing in almost every region of the world and cannabis use is highly comorbid with mental disorders, where sustained use can reduce treatment compliance and increase risk of relapse. In this narrative review, we outline evidence for psychosocial and pharmacological treatment strategies for CUD, both alone and when comorbid with psychosis, anxiety or depression. Psychosocial treatments such as cognitive behavioural therapy, motivational enhancement therapy and contingency management are currently the most effective strategy for treating CUD but are of limited benefit when comorbid with psychosis. Pharmacological treatments targeting the endocannabinoid system have the potential to reduce cannabis withdrawal and cannabis use in CUD. Mental health comorbidities including anxiety, depression and psychosis hinder effective treatment and should be addressed in treatment provision and clinical decision making to reduce the global burden of CUDs. Antipsychotic medication may decrease cannabis use and cannabis craving as well as psychotic symptoms in patients with CUD and psychosis. Targeted treatments for anxiety and depression when comorbid with CUD are feasible.

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“…Consider reminding family members about the initial ground rules for counseling, that blaming or shaming is not allowed. Some studies have reported the benefits of teaching family members MI techniques such as asking open-ended questions, using reflections, and eliciting change talk (Smeerdijk et al, 2012(Smeerdijk et al, , 2015, although Miller and Rollnick (2013) cautioned against the use of MI by persons with emotional investment in the outcome.…”

Section: Evoking Motivation To Changementioning

confidence: 99%

When Family Gets in the Way of Recovery

Belmontes

2018

The Family Journal

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Alcohol and substance use often results in the individual experiencing social and interpersonal problems. Among many of the factors that impact alcohol and substance use, relationships can be part of the problem or the solution. Support systems are considered to be a key ingredient of effective treatment. Unfortunately, the individual's social system may not be, either intentionally or unintentionally, supportive of the individual's recovery. In an effort to address this challenge to an individual's recovery, motivational interviewing principles and practices can be applied to families and other social systems that are ambivalent to changing problematic behaviors that may be negatively impacting the individual's recovery or substance use cessation goals.

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Motivational interviewing and interaction skills training for parents of young adults with recent-onset schizophrenia and co-occurring cannabis use: 15-month follow-up

Abstract: The results support the sustained effectiveness of FMI in reducing cannabis use in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia at 15 months follow-up. Findings were not consistent with regard to the long-term superiority of FMI over RFS in reducing parents' distress and sense of burden.

Cited by 25 publications

References 44 publications

Evaluation of an interaction-skills training for reducing the burden of family caregivers of patients with severe mental illness: a pre-posttest design

Evaluation of an interaction-skills training for reducing the burden of family caregivers of patients with severe mental illness: a pre-posttest design

Psychosocial and pharmacological treatments for cannabis use disorder and mental health comorbidities: a narrative review

When Family Gets in the Way of Recovery

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