“…The push and pull model (Crompton, 1979;Dann, 1977Dann, , 1981 is well accepted in tourist motivation studies (Funk, Alexandris, & Ping, 2009;Mak, Wong, & Chang, 2009;Uysal, Li, & Sirkaya-Turk, 2008) and has been applied in various cultural settings (Hanqin & Lam, 1999;Schofield 4 & Thompson, 2007;and Yuan & McDonald, 1990). It has also been applied in several event motivation studies within different cultural settings, for example, Zyl and Botha's (2004) study in South Africa, several studies in the USA (Bowen & Daniels, 2005;Dodd et al, 2006), and Chang's (2005) study in Taiwan. This suggests that this model is considered to be a useful tool to generally analyse and understand attendees' motivations to attend events.…”