Motor cortex hand area and speech: implications for the development of language

Meister, Ingo G.; Boroojerdi, Babak; Foltys, Henrik; Sparing, Roland; Huber, Walter; Töpper, Rudolf

doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(02)00179-3

Cited by 199 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We counterbalanced the up-or down-position of the verbal descriptors in order to avoid participants to plan their response in advance. A verbal, rather than a motor, response was required at the end of each video clip to avoid MEPs contamination (Tokimura et al 1996;Meister et al 2003;Gentilucci et al 2006). Twenty-four repetitions for each of the 3 possible actions with the light or the heavy object were presented, thus leading to a total of 144 trials.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociated Representations of Deceptive Intentions and Kinematic Adaptations in the Observer's Motor System

et al. 2016

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Previous studies showed that observing deceptive actions modulates the activity of the observer's motor system. However, it is unclear whether this modulation reflects the coding of deceptive intentions or the mapping of the kinematic adaptations required to attain deceptive actions. Here, we used single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation to measure cortico-spinal excitability (CSE) from hand and forearm muscles while participants predicted the weight of cubes lifted by actors who received truthful information on the object weight and provided 1) truthful (truthful actions) or 2) deceptive (deceptive actions) cues to the observers or 3) who received fooling information and were asked to provide truthful cues (deceived actions). This way, we independently manipulated actor's intentions and kinematic adaptations. We found that, as compared to truthful action observation, CSE increased during observation of deceptive actions, but decreased during observation of deceived actions. Importantly, while the CSE enhancement in response to deceptive intentions lacked muscle specificity, perceiving kinematic alterations in the deceived condition affected CSE only for the hand muscle involved in kinematic adaptations to unexpected object weight. This suggests that actor's intentions and movement kinematics may be coded by the observer's motor system at different hierarchical levels of action representation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociated Representations of Deceptive Intentions and Kinematic Adaptations in the Observer's Motor System

et al. 2016

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“…6) Lateralized speech effects on the excitability of the cortical hand motor area were first demonstrated in 1996, 28) and has been replicated and confirmed in several studies. 15,16,25) The effect is restricted to the hand area because MEPs from the leg area are unchanged by the task. 16) This method is considered to be a useful, noninvasive adjunct to other tests of cerebral dominance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15,16,25) The effect is restricted to the hand area because MEPs from the leg area are unchanged by the task. 16) This method is considered to be a useful, noninvasive adjunct to other tests of cerebral dominance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are There Excitability Changes in the Hand Motor Cortex During Speech in Left-Handed Subjects?

Tokimura

Arita

2012

Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)

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Hemispheric dominance was investigated in left-handed subjects using single transcranial magnetic stimulation to assess the possible effect of forced change in the dominant hand. Single transcranial magnetic stimuli were delivered randomly over the hand area of the left or right motor cortex of 8 Japanese self-declared left-handed adult volunteers. Electromyographic responses were recorded in the relaxed first dorsal interosseous muscle while the subjects read aloud. Laterality quotient calculated by the Edinburgh Inventory ranged from -100 to -5.26 and laterality index calculated from motor evoked potentials ranged from -86.2 to 38.8. There was no significant correlation between laterality quotient and laterality index. Mean data values across all 8 subjects indicated significant increases only in the left hand. Our ratio analysis of facilitation of the hand motor potentials showed that 2 each of the 8 selfdeclared left-handers were right-and left-hand dominant and the other 4 were bilateral-hand dominant. Speech dominancy was localized primarily in the right cerebral hemisphere in left-handed subjects, but some individuals exhibited bilateral or left dominance, possibly attributable to the forced change of hand preference for writing in childhood. Our findings suggest changes in the connections between the speech and hand motor areas.

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“…13,14,22) Recent studies demonstrated that the specific involvement of hand motor circuits in counting, 1) and observation of speech-related lip movements or listening to speech increases the excitability of the corresponding motor cortex. 16) These studies suggest that speech and the motor cortex have close functional connections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive Determination of Speech Dominance by Single Magnetic Stimulation of the Bilateral Hand Motor Cortex

Tokimura

Imamura

Arita

2012

Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)

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Magnetic stimulation of the hand area of the motor cortex in both hemispheres was performed at rest and during reading aloud to observe modulated facilitation of hand muscle motor potentials in 6 righthanded patients, with supratentorial lesions but no motor impairment or aphasia, who had undergone the Wada test to determine speech dominance, showing that 5 were left hemisphere dominant and one was bilateral hemisphere dominant. Motor potentials were facilitated during reading aloud in only the right hand in 3 patients, all left hemisphere dominant, greater in the right hand in one, left hemisphere dominant, and greater in the left hand in one patient, bilateral hemisphere dominant. Based on these results we defined a laterality index which was consistent with the Wada test results. Magnetic stimulation may prove useful for determining cerebral dominance, as our method correlates well with the Wada test, and is safe, convenient, and inexpensive.

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Motor cortex hand area and speech: implications for the development of language

Cited by 199 publications

References 14 publications

Dissociated Representations of Deceptive Intentions and Kinematic Adaptations in the Observer's Motor System

Dissociated Representations of Deceptive Intentions and Kinematic Adaptations in the Observer's Motor System

Are There Excitability Changes in the Hand Motor Cortex During Speech in Left-Handed Subjects?

Noninvasive Determination of Speech Dominance by Single Magnetic Stimulation of the Bilateral Hand Motor Cortex

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