Mouthwash as a non-invasive method of indocyanine green delivery for near-infrared fluorescence dental imaging

Abstract

. Significance: X-ray imaging serves as the mainstream imaging in dentistry, but it involves risk of ionizing radiation. Aim: This study presents the feasibility of indocyanine green-assisted near-infrared fluorescence (ICG-NIRF) dental imaging with 785-nm NIR laser in the first (ICG-NIRF-I: 700 to 1000 nm) and second (ICG-NIRF-II: 1000 to 1700 nm) NIR wavelengths. Approach: Sprague Dawley rats with different postnatal days were used as animal models. ICG, as a fluorescence agent, was delivered to dental structures by subcutaneous injection (SC) and oral administration (OA). Results: For SC method, erupted and unerupted molars could be observed from ICG-NIRF images at a short imaging time ( ). ICG-NIRF-II could achieve a better image contrast in unerupted molars at 24 h after ICG injection. The OA could serve as a non-invasive method for ICG delivery; it could also cause the glow-in-dark effect in unerupted molars. For erupted molars, OA can be considered as mouthwash and exhibits outstanding performance for delivery of ICG dye; erupted molar structures could be observed at a short imaging time ( ) and low ICG dose ( ). Conclusions: Overall, ICG-NIRF with mouthwash could perform in-vivo dental imaging in two NIR wavelengths at a short time and low ICG dose.

Near‐infrared light-triggered nitric oxide nanocomposites for photodynamic/photothermal complementary therapy against periodontal biofilm in an animal model

“…ICG has been extensively applied to medical fields such as measuring cardiac output, monitoring liver function, and ophthalmic angiography 53 . Both local injection and oral administration 54 are shown in Figure 7 E , and bright areas were confined to the injection site or to the mouse mouth. This suggests that Ag 2 S@ZIF-90/Arg/ICG NCs had the same imaging function as ICG in the near infrared region II (NIR-II).…”