Movement of bromide as a tracer for nitrate in an Alfisol of the Indian Semi-Arid Tropics under rainfed condition

Patra, A. K.; Rego, T J

doi:10.1007/bf00790660

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Irrigation experiments using a non-reactive tracer (tracer experiments) such as bromide (Br − ) provide a means of describing flow regimes in structured soils at the profile scale (Caron et al 1996; Yang & Wendroth 2014). Due to the anionic character of NO 3 − , its movement in soils is often compared with other anions, such as Br − (Smith & Davis 1974; Silvertooth et al 1992; Patra & Rego 1996), even if Br − is leached faster than NO 3 − (Clay et al 2004). Bromide, as NO 3 − , is conservative, but has the advantage of neither degrading nor volatilizing over time and thus is not lost from the soil profile other than through deep leaching and plant uptake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water flow in soil from organic dairy rotations

et al. 2017

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SUMMARYManaged grasslands are characterized by rotations of leys and arable crops. The regime of water flow evolves during the leys because of earthworm and root activity, climate and agricultural practices (fertilizer, cutting and cattle trampling). The effects of duration of the leys, cattle trampling and fertilizer practice on the movement of water through sandy loam soil profiles were investigated in managed grassland of a dairy operation. Experiments using tracer chemicals were performed, with or without cattle slurry application, with cutting or grazing, in the 1st and the 3rd year of ley, and in winter rye. Each plot was irrigated for an hour with 18·5 mm of water containing a conservative tracer, potassium bromide; 24 h after irrigation, macropores >1 mm were recorded visually on a horizontal plan of 0·7 m2 at five depths (10, 30, 40, 70 and 100 cm). The bromide (Br−) concentration in soil was also analysed at these depths and the density of the different earthworm species were recorded. The density of macropores was not directly influenced by the factors investigated. The abundance of anecic earthworms was larger after 3 years of ley and was not affected by grazing (trampling or dung pat deposits) or fertilizer practice. The water infiltration estimated from the Br− concentration was not influenced by fertilizer practice and was reduced after 3 years of ley due to settlement, but was greater than that for the arable phase of the rotation. As shown by Br− concentration, preferential flow was induced by the grazing regime. Infiltrating water may bypass the soil matrix under similar or more extreme conditions than in the current experiment. Such hydraulic functioning in the grazing regime is expected to reduce the risk of leaching of nitrate contained in soil water.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water flow in soil from organic dairy rotations

et al. 2017

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“…Bromide is routinely used as a tracer for mobile anionic plant nutrient movement (e.g., nitrate, chloride) in the soil (Fisher and Healy, 2008;Green et al, 2005;Izadi et al, 1993;Logsdon, 2007;Schuh et al, 1997;Seo et al, 2005) as well as in studies looking for offtarget movement affecting groundwater in delicate ecosystems (Elc xi and Molz, 2009;Woodward et al, 2009). In addition, it has successfully been used as a tracer of nitrogen (N) movement in both soils and plants (McLeod et al, 1998;Patra and Rego, 1995). Although most of the work using Br as a tracer in agricultural systems has focused on annual crops such as corn, wheat, potato, and cotton (Izadi et al, 1993;Kessavalou et al, 1996;Ottman and Pope, 2000;Silvertooth et al, 1992), work in the perennial forage crops (Blumenthal et al, 1999;Magarian et al, 1998;Schnabel et al, 1995) and in the citrus trees (Harrison et al, 1999) have shown Br to be a valid tracer of movement in many soil and plant systems.…”

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Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Bromide as a Nitrate Tracer in Deficit, Drip-irrigated Wine Grape Vineyards

Davenport¹,

Stevens²,

Whitley³

et al. 2011

horts

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Understanding water and nutrient movement in arid climate-regulated deficit, drip-irrigated vineyards is imperative for understanding grape vine canopy management. However, little research has been conducted in these environments to aid in the understanding of where the vine accesses nutrients and/or soil water and how that translates into soil and/or plant tissue sampling approaches. We used bromide (Br) as a tracer to study nitrate movement in soils as well as into grape leaves in two ‘Merlot’ vineyards in central Washington State. Bromide movement closely followed water movement. Although Br was detectable in grape petioles, it was not detectable in leaf blades, likely as a result of a dilution factor related to the amount of tissue. Relationships between soil Br and soil moisture as well as petiole and soil Br concentrations suggests that soil sampling for nitrate should be taken from a diagonal position between the vine and the emitter, between 20 and 60 cm from the drip line. This is consistent with the recommendation for soil moisture sampling in a published companion study.

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Comparison of bromide and nitrate transport in the Bainsvlei soil of South Africa under natural rainfall

Tilahun

Botha²,

Bennie³

2004

WSA

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Bromide is commonly used to simulate the movement of nitrate fertilisers through the soil profile. However, there exists no comparative evaluation of the leaching properties of Br -and NO 3 --N under local soil and rainfall conditions at Bloemfontein. The purpose of this work was to conduct a field experiment to evaluate the leaching behaviour of Br -in comparison with NO 3 --N on the Bainsvlei soil of South Africa under natural rainfall conditions. For this purpose, KBr -and KNO 3 solutions were applied to a 2.45 x 2.45 m 2 plot at rates of 13.5 g Br·m -2 and 20 g N·m -2 respectively. The subsequent movement of the solutes through the soil was investigated through studies of the water and mass balances, determined from soil samples taken from a 1600 mm deep soil profile during the period October 2000 to May 2001, the rainy season in Bloemfontein. The results were also analysed with the one-dimensional convective dispersive equation and stream tube models. Two important results were derived from the study: Br -can be used with confidence as a substitute for NO 3 --N in studies of the movement of the latter through soils, and it is more economical and environmentally friendly to distribute the application of nitrate over the growing season of a crop, instead of applying it as a batch at the time of planting.

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Movement of bromide as a tracer for nitrate in an Alfisol of the Indian Semi-Arid Tropics under rainfed condition

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Water flow in soil from organic dairy rotations

Water flow in soil from organic dairy rotations

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Bromide as a Nitrate Tracer in Deficit, Drip-irrigated Wine Grape Vineyards

Comparison of bromide and nitrate transport in the Bainsvlei soil of South Africa under natural rainfall

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