MR signal change in venous thrombus relates organizing process and thrombolytic response in rabbit

Kuroiwa, Yasuyoshi; Yamashita, Atsushi; Miyati, Tosiaki; Furukoji, Eiji; Takahashi, Masahiro; Azuma, Toshiya; Sugimura, Hiroshi; Asanuma, Taketoshi; Tamura, Shozo; Kawai, Keiichi; Asada, Yujiro

doi:10.1016/j.mri.2011.04.015

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…These cells appear around the edges of ligation-induced thrombi and become evenly distributed through the thrombi as resolution progresses in the rat [13]. Macrophage content time-dependently increases in experimental venous thrombi in the rat within 21 days [13] and peak at 7 days in mice [14] and 14 days in rabbits [15]. The positive relationship between macrophage content and the time after onset in aspirated thrombi is compatible with that of experimental studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD163 macrophage and erythrocyte contents in aspirated deep vein thrombus are associated with the time after onset: a pilot study

Furukoji

Yamashita

et al. 2016

Thrombosis J

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BackgroundThrombolytic therapy is effective in selected patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Therefore, identification of a marker that reflects the age of thrombus is of particular concern. This pilot study aimed to identify a marker that reflects the time after onset in human aspirated DVT.MethodsWe histologically and immunohistochemically analyzed 16 aspirated thrombi. The times from onset to aspiration ranged from 5 to 60 days (median of 13 days). Paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and antibodies for fibrin, glycophorin A, integrin α2bβ3, macrophage markers (CD68, CD163, and CD206), CD34, and smooth muscle actin (SMA).ResultsAll thrombi were immunopositive for glycophorin A, fibrin, integrin α2bβ3, CD68, CD163, and CD206, and contained granulocytes. Almost all of the thrombi had small foci of CD34- or SMA-immunopositive areas. CD68- and CD163-immunopositive cell numbers were positively correlated with the time after onset, while the glycophorin A-immunopositive area was negatively correlated with the time after onset. In double immunohistochemistry, CD163-positive cells existed predominantly among the CD68-immunopositive macrophage population. CD163-positive macrophages were closely localized with glycophorin A, CD34, or SMA-positive cell-rich areas.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that CD163 macrophage and erythrocyte contents could be markers for evaluation of the age of thrombus in DVT. Additionally, CD163 macrophages might play a role in organization of the process of venous thrombus.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12959-016-0122-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD163 macrophage and erythrocyte contents in aspirated deep vein thrombus are associated with the time after onset: a pilot study

Furukoji

Yamashita

et al. 2016

Thrombosis J

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“…Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the potential to noninvasively image DVT, providing information on blood flow defects (time-of-flight or phase-contrast venography) and thrombus stage (T1-and T2-weighted images). MR direct thrombus imaging is a non-contrast agent-based method that has been extensively used for the detection of hematoma, 13 venous, [14][15][16] intracoronary, 17 and arterial thrombus, 18,19 based on the changes of T1 and T2 relaxation times of different oxygenation states of hemoglobin in erythrocytes. Proton binding to Fe 3+ within accumulating methemoglobin in the thrombus is thought to result in shortening of the T1 and T2 relaxation times.…”

Section: Clinical Perspective On P 440mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Magnetization Transfer and Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Detects Thrombus Composition in a Mouse Model of Deep Vein Thrombosis

Phinikaridou

Andía

Saha

et al. 2013

Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging

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Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality despite the improvements in diagnosis and treatment. Approximately 30% of patients with DVT develop pulmonary embolism, of whom 10% die, and 50% of patients with DVT develop long-term sequelae like the postthrombotic syndrome. 1,2 Clinical Perspective on p 440Treatment of DVT is usually achieved with anticoagulation (heparin, warfarin) or thrombolysis (plasminogen activators). Anticoagulants prevent thrombus expansion but have little effect on thrombus resolution, which occurs slowly through a natural process of organization that eventually leads to recanalization of the vein. 1,3,4 Thrombolytic agents rapidly remove the thrombus, aiding faster vein recanalization, with less thrombus recurrence and fewer postthrombotic complications.5 Systemic thrombolysis is, however, associated with serious complications, including bleeding and pulmonary emboli. Selection criteria for identifying patients who might benefit from thrombolytic treatment are based on a subjective assessment of patient history. [5][6][7] Catheter-directed thrombolysis has reduced the rate of complications, but the time interval between the onset of symptoms and effective thrombolysis is still unclear. Several studies have shown that thrombolysis might be ineffective if administered 10 to 21 days after the onset of symptoms. [8][9][10] Fibrin-rich thrombus seems to be more amenable to thrombolysis, and incorporation of collagen into a fibrin clot dramatically decreases the effectiveness of fibrinolysis in experimental models. 11,12 Identification of the extracellular protein milieu and structural microenvironment of the thrombus might therefore provide important prognostic information on its lysability.Background-Deep vein thrombosis remains a major health problem necessitating accurate diagnosis. Thrombolysis is associated with significant morbidity and is effective only for the treatment of unorganized thrombus. We tested the feasibility of in vivo magnetization transfer (MT) and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to detect thrombus organization in a murine model of deep vein thrombosis. Methods and Results-Deep vein thrombosis was induced in the inferior vena cava of male BALB/C mice. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed at days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 after thrombus induction using MT, diffusion-weighted, inversion-recovery, and T1-mapping protocols. Delayed enhancement and T1 mapping were repeated 2 hours after injection of a fibrin contrast agent. Finally, excised thrombi were used for histology. We found that MT and diffusion-weighted imaging can detect histological changes associated with thrombus aging. MT rate (MTR) maps and percentage of MT rate (%MTR) allowed visualization and quantification of the thrombus protein content, respectively. The %MTR increased with thrombus organization and was significantly higher at days 14, 21, and 28 after thrombus induction (days 1, Ultrasound examination, used in the diagnosis of DVT, provides only information...

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“…Activation of endothelium rapidly leads to secretion of the von Willebrand factor (VWF) and Weibel Palade objects connected to the membrane that contain P-selectin. These two proteins attack the endothelium surface, and thus, thrombosis starts with the aggregation of erythrocytes, fibrins and platelets 3,4 . Platelets produce proinflammatory molecules that have prothrombotic activity, and this situation leads to development and progress of pathological thrombosis via the activated Gp 2b/3a 5 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width and platelet / lymphocyte ratio in development of cerebral venous thrombosis

Bolayir¹,

Gökçe²

2017

Cumhuriyet Medical Journal

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SUMMARYObjective: Mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) are parameters that indicate platelet volume. It is assumed that large platelets are enzymatically and metabolically more active than small platelets. The relationship between elevated MPV and PDW values and arterial thrombosis has been demonstrated, but their roles in venous thrombosis are not fully understood. While the platelet / lymphocyte ratio (PLR), which is considered to be an inflammatory indicator, is known to be associated with many diseases, there are only a few studies in venous thrombosis. For this reason, our aim in this study is to establish the relationship between MPV, PDW and PLR values and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). Method: Our study included 54 patients who were diagnosed with CVST in our clinic between January 2008 and September 2016, and 50 controls with similar age and sex. The patients and control groups were compared in terms of MPV, PDW and PLR values. In addition, the patient group was divided into two groups, according to parenchymal brain lesions, and the effect of MPV, PDW, and PLR on prognosis was also assessed. Results: While the MPV, PDW and PLR values were higher in the patient group compared to the controls, there was no significant difference between patients with and without parenchymal lesions. In addition, as MPV and PDW values for CVST development were determined as significant independent variables, optimal cut-off values were identified 8.85 for MPV, 15.75 for PDW and 168.53 for PLR in ROC analysis. Conclusions: As a result, MPV, PDW and PLR values were higher in patients with SVST than controls, however their prognostic significance was not determined. In addition, we may suggest that higher MPV and PDW values are new independent risk factors for CVST development. Keywords: Mean platelet volüme, Platelet distribution width, platelet / lymphocyte ratio, cerebral venous thrombosis ÖZET Amaç: Ortalama platelet hacmi (OPH) ve platelet dağılım genişliği (PDG), platelet hacmini gösteren parametrelerdir. Büyük plateletlerin küçük plateletlere kıyasla enzimatik ve metabolik olarak daha aktif kabul edilmektedir. Artmış OPH ve PDG değerleri ile arteryel tromboz arasındaki ilişki gösterilmiştir ancak venöz trombozdaki yeri tam olarak bilinmemektedir. İnflamatuar bir gösterge kabul edilen platelet/ lenfosit oranının artışının(PLO) birçok hastalıkla ilişkisi bilinmekteyken venöz trombozda kullanımı ile ilgili az sayıda çalışma mevcuttur. Bu nedenle bu çalışmamızdaki amacımız OPH, PDG ve PLO değerleri ile serebral venöz sinüs trombozu(SVST) arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymaktır. Yöntem: Çalışmamıza retrospektif olarak Ocak 2008-Eylül 2016 tarihleri arasında kliniğimizde SVST tanısı ile izlenmiş 54 hasta ile benzer yaş ve cinsiyete sahip 50 kontrol dahil edildi. Hasta ve kontrol grubu OPH, PDG ve PLO değerleri açısından kıyaslandı. Bunun yanında hasta grubu kendi içinde beyin parankimal lezyonu olan ve olmayanlar olarak ikiye ayrılarak OPH, PDG ve PLO'nun prognoz üzerindeki etkisi de değer...

show abstract

MR signal change in venous thrombus relates organizing process and thrombolytic response in rabbit

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

CD163 macrophage and erythrocyte contents in aspirated deep vein thrombus are associated with the time after onset: a pilot study

CD163 macrophage and erythrocyte contents in aspirated deep vein thrombus are associated with the time after onset: a pilot study

In Vivo Magnetization Transfer and Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Detects Thrombus Composition in a Mouse Model of Deep Vein Thrombosis

The role of mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width and platelet / lymphocyte ratio in development of cerebral venous thrombosis

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