mRNA as a Transformative Technology for Vaccine Development to Control Infectious Diseases

Maruggi, Giulietta; Zhang, Cuiling; Li, Junwei; Ulmer, Jeffrey B.; Yü, Dong

doi:10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.01.020

Cited by 378 publications

(396 citation statements)

References 168 publications

(210 reference statements)

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“…Recent mRNA vaccine designs have improved stability and protein translation efficiency thus it could induce robust immune responses. 45,46 Delivery system such as lipid nanoparticle, LNP was also well-optimized. 47…”

Section: Potential Immune Evasion Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: Lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic

2020

Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol

900

610

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As the world is witnessing the epidemic of COVID-19, a disease caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, emerging genetics and clinical evidences suggest a similar path to those of SARS and MERS. The rapid genomic sequencing and open access data, together with advanced vaccine technology, are expected to give us more knowledge on the pathogen itself, including the host immune response as well as the plan for therapeutic vaccines in the near future. This review aims to provide a comparative view among SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and the newly epidemic SARS-CoV-2, in the hope to gain a better understanding of the host-pathogen interaction, host immune responses, and the pathogen immune evasion strategies. This predictive view may help in designing an immune intervention or preventive vaccine for COVID-19 in the near future.

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Section: Potential Immune Evasion Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: Lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic

2020

Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol

900

610

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“…Moderna company loads its vaccine with viral mRNA, which encodes the proteins of the new coronavirus, and then injects it into the body. Immune cells from the lymph nodes process the mRNA and synthesize specific viral protein antigens so that other immune cells recognize them (66). mRNA is like a software molecule in the body, which then produces viral proteins that can generate an immune response (67).…”

Section: The Development Of a Covid-19 Vaccine: Current Trends And Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards effective COVID‑19 vaccines: Updates, perspectives and challenges (Review)

et al. 2020

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In the current context of the pandemic triggered by SARS-cOV-2, the immunization of the population through vaccination is recognized as a public health priority. In the case of SARS-cOV-2, the genetic sequencing was done quickly, in one month. Since then, worldwide research has focused on obtaining a vaccine. This has a major economic impact because new technological platforms and advanced genetic engineering procedures are required to obtain a cOVId-19 vaccine. The most difficult scientific challenge for this future vaccine obtained in the laboratory is the proof of clinical safety and efficacy. The biggest challenge of manufacturing is the construction and validation of production platforms capable of making the vaccine on a large scale.

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“…Such licensing could probably increase the regulators' confidence that the platform can be successfully applied to prevent disease from a new pathogen. Such platforms include plugandplay recombinant vectors 3 and nucleic acid vaccines, 21 which require swapping gene cassettes for an antigen of choice (table 1). These platforms promise to accelerate progression into clinical development by using existing (even if partial) toxicity data, bridging studies, and optimised manufacturing plans.…”

Section: Technological Opportunities For Research and Development Accmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease X: accelerating the development of medical countermeasures for the next pandemic

Simpson

Kaufmann

Glozman

et al. 2020

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

132

102

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WHO has listed several priority diseases with epidemic potential for which there are no, or insufficient, medical countermeasures. In response, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (with support from PricewaterhouseCoopers) coordinated subject matter experts to create a preparedness plan for Disease X. Disease X is caused by Pathogen X, an infectious agent that is not currently known to cause human disease, but an aetiologic agent of a future outbreak with epidemic or pandemic potential. We have identified crucial areas for acceleration in medical countermeasure product development and international coordination. We have also reviewed novel platforms and process improvements related to manufacturing, which could revolutionise the response to the next pandemic. Finally, we created several coordination and engagement guides. These guides range from the rational design of an intervention target product profile, to the key facets of vaccine and therapeutic development, to accelerated manufacturing and regulatory mechanisms. In this Personal View, we provide a high-level summary of the outcomes of the medical countermeasure development workstream, intended for a broad audience including academia, medical countermeasure developers, and multilateral coordinating bodies. We hope that they might find this piece useful in prioritising strategic investments and efforts to accelerate medical countermeasure development. We observed that in-depth analyses of clinical trial design, chemistry, manufacturing and control activities, and accelerated regulatory pathways are necessary for shortening the timelines for the product development of medical countermeasures. We intend to cover these topics in future publications.

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mRNA as a Transformative Technology for Vaccine Development to Control Infectious Diseases

Cited by 378 publications

References 168 publications

Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: Lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic

Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: Lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic

Towards effective COVID‑19 vaccines: Updates, perspectives and challenges (Review)

Disease X: accelerating the development of medical countermeasures for the next pandemic

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