mRNA Expression of MMP-28 (Epilysin) in Gingival Tissues of Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis Patients: A Reverse Transcriptase PCR Study

Abstract

Background and Objectives. Matrix metalloproteinases degrade extracellular membrane and also release bioactive fragments and growth factors, thus influencing fundamental biological and pathological processes. Epilysin (MMP-28) differs from most other MMPs as it is expressed in a number of normal tissues, suggestive of functions in tissue homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to quantitatively evaluate and compare the mRNA expression of epilysin (MMP-28) in gingival tissues of healthy patients and of patients affected by chronic or aggressive periodontitis. Methods. A total of 60 subjects, 20 periodontally healthy subjects, 20 with chronic periodontitis, and 20 with aggressive periodontitis, were included in this study. Periodontal status was evaluated by measuring gingival index, probing depth and clinical attachment level. mRNA expression of MMP-28 was determined by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in gingival tissue samples collected. Results. Relative quantification of mRNA expression of MMP-28 was highest in healthy tissues (RQ = 0.97) when compared to subjects with chronic periodontitis (RQ = 0.37) and aggressive periodontitis (RQ = 0.23), but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion. mRNA expression of MMP-28 was highest in healthy tissues when compared to diseased periodontal tissues suggesting that MMP-28 could act as a biomarker for periodontal health.

Telomerase Expression in Individuals With Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis

“…28 In periodontal disease, the mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines in GCF, such as IL-la, IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), CD11b, human beta defensin (HBD)1, HBD2, and HBD3, was studied earlier and correlated with the progression of periodontal disease. [29][30][31][32] Interestingly, in the present study, very weak or no hTERT mRNA expression was detected in gingival biopsy tissue, and there was no detection in GCF of controls. However, AgP showed higher hTERT mRNA expression (68%) than CP (53%) in gingival tissue and GCF by RT-PCR.…”

“…Periodontal infection induces the release of several intracellular enzymes, such as aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, lactate dehydrogenase, γ‐glutamyl transferase, creatine kinase, ALP, and acid phosphatase by stromal, epithelial, and inflammatory cells of damaged periodontal tissues into GCF 28 . In periodontal disease, the mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines in GCF, such as IL‐lα, IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐17, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), CD11b, human beta defensin (HBD)1, HBD2, and HBD3, was studied earlier and correlated with the progression of periodontal disease 29‐32 . Interestingly, in the present study, very weak or no hTERT mRNA expression was detected in gingival biopsy tissue, and there was no detection in GCF of controls.…”

Intricate Functions of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Physiological and Pathological Conditions

“…Conversely, expression of MMP‐28 remained unchanged in the colon and ileum affected by inflammatory bowel disease, indicating that MMP‐28 may not have a role in inflammatory responses (Bister et al, ). Yet, in another study, a quantitative analysis of mRNA expression between healthy gingival tissue versus tissue affected with periodontitis revealed an elevated MMP‐28 level in healthy tissues, which could further support the finding that these proteinases are involved in normal tissue homeostasis and remodeling (Padmavati et al, ).…”

Biochemical and Biological Attributes of Matrix Metalloproteinases

“…The elevated MMP-28 level in healthy tissues support that it may be involved in normal tissue homeostasis and remodeling, and its decreased levels could serve as a biomarker for periodontal health. 208 …”