Mu2e Crystal Calorimeter Readout Electronics: Design and Characterisation

Atanov, N.; Baranov, V Yu; Borrel, Léo; Bloise, C.; Budagov, J.; Ceravolo, S.; Cervelli, F.; Colao, F.; Cordelli, M.; Corradi, G.; Davydov, Yu. I.; Falco, S. Di; Diociaiuti, E.; Donati, S.; Echenard, B.; Ferrari, C.; Gioiosa, A.; Giovannella, S.; Giusti, Valerio; Glagolev, V.; Grancagnolo, F.; Hampai, D.; Happacher, F.; Hitlin, D. G.; Martini, M.; Middleton, S.; Miscetti, S.; Morescalchi, L.; Paesani, Daniele; Pasciuto, D.; Pedreschi, E.; Porter, F. C.; Raffaelli, F.; Saputi, A.; Sarra, I.; Spinella, F.; Taffara, A.; Zanetti, A.; Zhu, R. Y.

doi:10.3390/instruments6040068

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…We successfully completed procurement and quality testing of 4000 SiPMs in 2019, 1500 crystals in 2020, and 3300 FEE boards in 2021. The electronics production was delayed by the pandemic and by the need to make new electronics releases for improving its radiation hardness, as reported elsewhere [12].…”

Section: Production Of Crystals Sipms and Feementioning

confidence: 80%

“…We solved these problems by combining a mix of technical choices to a high level of engineering. The crystals, SiPMs, and FEE have proven to be radiation hard up to the maximum level of TID and neutron fluence expected at the end of the experimental lifetime [12]. The most relevant effect we will observe while running will be the rapid increase in SiPM leakage current (Idark) under neutron irradiation, requiring us to cool down the SiPMs to −10 • C to maintain operation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much effort was dedicated to design and produce boards that work well in a magnetic field and in the radiation-harsh Mu2e environment. A description of all the details of the electronics scheme, the radiation hardness program, and the quality tests performed can be found elsewhere [11,12].…”

Section: Electronics Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A clear gaussian peak is observed, consistent with a mean time resolution of 300 ps for a 20 MeV energy deposition. Time improvements depend on the fit procedure of the pulse shape and are presented elsewhere [12].…”

Section: Calorimeter Qualification With Module-0mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, we have performed a quality test for 600 ROUs, achieving a gain reproducibility better than 2%, with a channel-by-channel gain spread at a level of 3-4% along production. A much more detailed explanation of the station functionality and its results can be found elsewhere [12,19].…”

Section: Preparation and Test Of The Readout Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Mu2e Crystal Calorimeter: An Overview

et al. 2022

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The Mu2e experiment at Fermilab will search for the standard model-forbidden, charged lepton flavour-violating conversion of a negative muon into an electron in the field of an aluminium nucleus. The distinctive signal signature is represented by a mono-energetic electron with an energy near the muon’s rest mass. The experiment aims to improve the current single-event sensitivity by four orders of magnitude by means of a high-intensity pulsed muon beam and a high-precision tracking system. The electromagnetic calorimeter complements the tracker by providing high rejection power in muon to electron identification and a seed for track reconstruction while working in vacuum in presence of a 1 T axial magnetic field and in a harsh radiation environment. For 100 MeV electrons, the calorimeter should achieve: (a) a time resolution better than 0.5 ns, (b) an energy resolution <10%, and (c) a position resolution of 1 cm. The calorimeter design consists of two disks, each loaded with 674 undoped CsI crystals read out by two large-area arrays of UV-extended SiPMs and custom analogue and digital electronics. We describe here the status of construction for all calorimeter components and the performance measurements conducted on the large-sized prototype with electron beams and minimum ionizing particles at a cosmic ray test stand. A discussion of the calorimeter’s engineering aspects and the on-going assembly is also reported.

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Section: Production Of Crystals Sipms and Feementioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electronics Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calorimeter Qualification With Module-0mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation and Test Of The Readout Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Mu2e Crystal Calorimeter: An Overview

et al. 2022

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The Mu2e crystal and SiPM calorimeter

Atanov,

Baranov,

Bloise

et al. 2024

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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The Mu2e crystal calorimeter

Di Falco

2024

Proceedings of the European Physical Society Conference on High Energy Physics — PoS(EPS-HEP2023)

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The Mu2e experiment at Fermilab will search for the charged-lepton flavour violating conversion of negative muons into electrons in the coulomb field of an Al nucleus, planning to reach a single event sensitivity of about 3 × 10 −17 , four orders of magnitude beyond the current best limit. The conversion electron has a clear monoenergetic signature at 104.967 MeV, slightly below the muon rest mass, and will be identified by a complementary measurement carried out by a highresolution tracker and an electromagnetic calorimeter (EMC). The calorimeter is composed of 1348 pure CsI crystals, each read by two custom UV-extended SiPMs, that are arranged in two annular disks. The EMC should achieve better than 10% energy resolution and 500 ps timing resolution for 100 MeV electrons and maintain extremely high levels of reliability and stability in a harsh operating environment with high vacuum, 1 T B-field and radiation exposures up to 100 krad and 10 12 n 1MeVeq /cm 2 . The calorimeter technological choice, along with the design of the custom front-end electronics, cooling and mechanical systems were validated through an electron beam test on a large-scale 51-crystals prototype (Module-0) and extensive test campaigns that characterised and verified the performance of crystals, photodetectors, analogue and digital electronics. This included hardware stress tests and irradiation campaigns with neutrons, protons, and photons. The production and QC phases of all calorimeter components is completed apart for the digital electronics that has been revised for improving its resilience to SEU and SEL. A series of vertical slice tests with the final electronics is being carried out on the Module-0 at LNF along with the implementation and validation of the calibration procedures. The first disk has been assembled in 2022 while the second disk is under assembly at the moment of writing. Status of construction will be summarised, along with plans for commissioning and first calibration of the fully assembled disks.

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Mu2e Crystal Calorimeter Readout Electronics: Design and Characterisation

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

The Mu2e Crystal Calorimeter: An Overview

The Mu2e Crystal Calorimeter: An Overview

The Mu2e crystal and SiPM calorimeter

The Mu2e crystal calorimeter

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