Mucin from rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid enhances interleukin-6 production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling in rheumatoid arthritis identifies disease-associated methylation changes that are distinct to individual T- and B-lymphocyte populations

“…42,43 We recognize however, that further investigations of these and other candidates in independent patient cohorts is warranted.…”

Stratification Analysis and Case-control Study of Relationships between Interleukin-6 Gene Polymorphisms and Cervical Cancer Risk in a Chinese Population

“…Interleukin-6 (IL-6), an important pro-inflammatory cytokine, is a multifunctional protein principally involved in the genesis and maintenance of the inflammatory response (Hamaguchi et al, 2011;Ma et al, 2011;Mosaad et al, 2012;Tao et al, 2012;Crosbie et al, 2013). The human IL-6 gene is organized into five exons and four introns and maps to the short arm of chromosome 7…”

Human Synovia Contains Trefoil Factor Family (TFF) Peptides 1–3 Although Synovial Membrane Only Produces TFF3: Implications in Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis

“…Violin et al detected an upregulated mucin expression, particularly MUC3, and also the expression of MUC5AC in synovial tissues of OA and RA affected human synovial joints in comparison to healthy tissues [41]. In contrast to Violin et al, a newer study also found MUC1 to be present in synovial membrane cells as well as mononuclear cells in RA synovial tissues, but not in OA, hypothesizing that mucins may also play a role in immunoinflammatory reactions in the pathogenesis of RA [42]. Nevertheless, further investigations are required to make a clear statement about the possible functions of mucins in OA and RA synovial fluid.…”