Mucosally-targeted HIV-1 vaccines

Wegmann, Frank

doi:10.4161/hv.7.9.16505

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 40 publications

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“…While humoral immunity alone protects against some pathogens, induction of both cell-mediated and humoral immunity locally via intra-vaginal immunization is necessary for protection against pathogens such as C. trachomatis , N. gonorrhea , herpes simplex virus (HSV), HIV, etc. [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] . Unlike the mucosa of the intestinal tract, mucosa of the FRT does not contain organized lymphoid tissues, such as Peyer's Patches (PP) or microfold cells (M cells) that that are important for the uptake of lumen antigens and for induction of immune responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein-Coated Nanoparticles Are Internalized by the Epithelial Cells of the Female Reproductive Tract and Induce Systemic and Mucosal Immune Responses

Howe

Konjufca

2014

PLoS ONE

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The female reproductive tract (FRT) includes the oviducts (fallopian tubes), uterus, cervix and vagina. A layer of columnar epithelium separates the endocervix and uterus from the outside environment, while the vagina is lined with stratified squamous epithelium. The mucosa of the FRT is exposed to antigens originating from microflora, and occasionally from infectious microorganisms. Whether epithelial cells (ECs) of the FRT take up (sample) the lumen antigens is not known. To address this question, we examined the uptake of 20–40 nm nanoparticles (NPs) applied vaginally to mice which were not treated with hormones, epithelial disruptors, or adjuvants. We found that 20 and 40 nm NPs are quickly internalized by ECs of the upper FRT and within one hour could be observed in the lymphatic ducts that drain the FRT, as well as in the ileac lymph nodes (ILNs) and the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). Chicken ovalbumin (Ova) conjugated to 20 nm NPs (NP-Ova) when administered vaginally reaches the internal milieu in an immunologically relevant form; thus vaginal immunization of mice with NP-Ova induces systemic IgG to Ova antigen. Most importantly, vaginal immunization primes the intestinal mucosa for secretion of sIgA. Sub-cutaneous (s.c) boosting immunization with Ova in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) further elevates the systemic (IgG1 and IgG2c) as well as mucosal (IgG1 and sIgA) antibody titers. These findings suggest that the modes of antigen uptake at mucosal surfaces and pathways of antigen transport are more complex than previously appreciated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein-Coated Nanoparticles Are Internalized by the Epithelial Cells of the Female Reproductive Tract and Induce Systemic and Mucosal Immune Responses

Howe

Konjufca

2014

PLoS ONE

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Recent progress in mucosal vaccine development: potential and limitations

2012

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Most pathogens access the body through the mucosal membranes. Therefore, effective vaccines that protect at these sites are much needed. However, despite early success with the live attenuated oral polio vaccine over 50 years ago, only a few new mucosal vaccines have been subsequently launched. This is partly due to problems with developing safe and effective mucosal adjuvants. In the past decade, however, the successful development of live attenuated mucosal vaccines against influenza virus and rotavirus infections has boosted interest in this field, and great expectations for new mucosal vaccines lie ahead. Here, I discuss the expanding knowledge and strategies used in the development of mucosal vaccines.

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Mucosally-targeted HIV-1 vaccines

Cited by 2 publications

References 40 publications

Protein-Coated Nanoparticles Are Internalized by the Epithelial Cells of the Female Reproductive Tract and Induce Systemic and Mucosal Immune Responses

Protein-Coated Nanoparticles Are Internalized by the Epithelial Cells of the Female Reproductive Tract and Induce Systemic and Mucosal Immune Responses

Recent progress in mucosal vaccine development: potential and limitations

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