Mud Brick Metaphysics and the Preservation of Earthen Ruins

Matero, Frank G.

doi:10.1080/13505033.2015.1129798

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…9,500-8,500 BCE) settlements that succeed the Natufian show an almost complete opposite combination, in which the permanence of the occupation is totally disconnected from the permanence of buildings. As archaeologists all too often discover with the sites they excavate, earth architecture deteriorates quickly under the marked seasonality of the Near East (Torraca, Chiari, and Gullini 1972;Margueron 2013;Matero 2015). Winter rains would have forced the inhabitants to engage in renovation works at least once a year, with practices such as replastering and ramming or rolling surfaces happening at a much faster pace (Thoumin 1932;Wulff 1966;Seeden 1985).…”

Section: On the Precedence Of Stonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-Territorializing the Neolithic: Architecture and Rhythms in Early Sedentary Societies of the Near East

Hadad

2024

Comp Stud Soc Hist

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Revivals of public interest in the Neolithic Near East have generally coincided with the emergence of powerful imagery, such as the discovery of Çatalhöyük’s striking wall paintings in the 1960s. Now, sixty years later, the sculptures of Göbekli Tepe are ensuring the period’s widespread appeal. The capacity of these well-preserved buildings to carry such imagery until today has made them, in turn, an image of the supposed achievements of Neolithic sedentism. But the popularity of these images depends on their decontextualization. This modernist notion that permanent architecture represents the conquest of spatial forms over time is in contradiction with the early Neolithic experience of settled life, which had more to do with the unstable duration of places than with an emancipation from motion. This essay explores the Neolithic preference for earth architecture over more stable construction materials such as stone, its influence on visual culture, and how it contributed to building new living relations to the inhabited landscape. Instead of the sense of fixity and completeness that we, moderns, desperately seek in plans, reconstructions, and monumentality, it is the very transience, repetitiveness, and cumulativeness of earth that determined the transformations of the archaeological record. In other words, rhythms are key to understanding Neolithic sedentism in ways that differ wildly from the static images we have substituted for it.

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Section: On the Precedence Of Stonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-Territorializing the Neolithic: Architecture and Rhythms in Early Sedentary Societies of the Near East

Hadad

2024

Comp Stud Soc Hist

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“…Pode também possibilitar o alargamento do campo de aplicação de rebocos de terra quer em suportes antigos, como a pedra argamassada, quer em suportes recentes, como as alvenarias de blocos de betão e de tijolo furado [20][21]. Este último aspecto pode ser particularmente importante para a conservação e a durabilidade de rebocos de terra expostos, por exemplo, em sítios arqueológicos -rebocos históricos ou utilizados para protecção sacrificial dos vestígios existentes [23].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Assessment of natural aging and ecological surface treatments in earth renders

Santos

Gomes

2020

Cons. Património

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In conservation, earth renders can be used as sacrificial coatings. However, earth presents vulnerability when in contact with water. The application of ecological surface treatments on earth renders can be of great relevance, ensuring their durability while increasing eco-efficiency and extending its range of applications. The behaviour of a ready-mixed earth render applied in situ, on adobe and concrete block masonry experimental walls exposed outdoors with protection, and under controlled laboratory conditions, on hollow bricks, was evaluated after four years. Several superficial treatments were applied on the renders: linseed oil, mucilage of aloe vera and pasta and rice cooking water. The renders were characterized by non-destructive tests. The surface treatment with linseed oil presents good results and improves the durability of the earth render, giving it adequate protection against natural degradation.

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“…Immediately after excavation, surfaces are exposed to environmental agents and temperature fluctuations that change the equilibrium achieved with internment, leading to structural instability and other microscale pathologies, such as cracking, material loss, and surface delamination [1]. Due to its delicate nature, the study of earthen architecture has mostly focused on the analysis of the material's composition, on the evaluation of different conservation methods [2], [3], and on environmental stability as one of the keys to the preservation of earthen materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial analysis and heritage conservation: Leveraging 3-D data and GIS for monitoring earthen architecture

Campiani

Lingle

Lercari

2019

Journal of Cultural Heritage

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This paper discusses new advances in heritage site monitoring using a geo-spatial method for assessing the state of preservation of earthen architecture overtime as a preventive conservation measure. The proposed method leverages a comprehensive (quantitative-qualitative) approach that gathers multitemporal data including environmental information collected by means of environmental loggers, qualitative vulnerability assessment of mud-brick walls, and surface change detection information obtained by comparing terrestrial laser scanning point cloud capturing the decay of building's wall features over time. Producing a detailed spatial understanding of the conservation issues that affect mudbrick walls in large earthen sites, this method can be used by conservators to rapidly identify which buildings require immediate intervention and lay the basis for future evaluation of the conservation actions undertaken. To test the effectiveness of the proposed geospatial model in producing a comprehensive view of the environmental risk and pattern of decay that affect mudbrick structures, this paper presents analyses and results obtained in a six-year study at Çatalhöyük, Turkey. Our results Campiani et al. 2019-Author Version 2 corroborate the effectiveness of the proposed method and prove that it can be successfully employed to create preventive conservation measures at other earthen sites inside and outside the Near East.

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Mud Brick Metaphysics and the Preservation of Earthen Ruins

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Re-Territorializing the Neolithic: Architecture and Rhythms in Early Sedentary Societies of the Near East

Re-Territorializing the Neolithic: Architecture and Rhythms in Early Sedentary Societies of the Near East

Assessment of natural aging and ecological surface treatments in earth renders

Spatial analysis and heritage conservation: Leveraging 3-D data and GIS for monitoring earthen architecture

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