Mulberry leaves protect rat tissues from immobilization stress‐induced inflammation

Lee, Chooi Yeng; Cheng, Hwee Ming; Sim, Si Mui

doi:10.1002/biof.5520310103

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This finding is in agreement with earlier reports that acute stress activates iNOS and enhances anxiety in rodents [10,11]. Acute immobilization stress, as used in the present study, is reported to increase expression of iNOS in brain cortex and leads to production of the stable nitric oxide metabolites (nitrite and nitrate) in both plasma and brain [5,8].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

“…In brain, NOS has been localized in regions involved with anxiety, such as hypothalamus, amygdala and hippocampus [7]. Immobilization stress in rats has been reported to significantly increase plasma nitrite levels [8]. A differential role is played by neuronal and inducible isoforms of NOS in anxiety in mice under unstressed and stressed conditions [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antianxiety-Like Activity of Gallic Acid in Unstressed and Stressed Mice: Possible Involvement of Nitriergic System

2011

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The aim of present study was to evaluate antianxiety-like activity of gallic acid in Swiss young male albino mice; and to explore the possible underlying mechanisms for this activity. Gallic acid (5, 10, 20 mg/kg, i.p.) and alprazolam (0.25 mg/kg, i.p.) were administered for 10 successive days to separate groups of mice. On 10th day, 45 min after the drug administration, stress was produced by immobilization of mice for 150 min and these mice were called as stressed mice. Anxiolytic activity was evaluated using elevated plus maze and light-dark test. The plasma nitrite and corticosterone levels were also estimated in unstressed and stressed mice. Effects of 7-nitroindazole (neuronal NOS inhibitor) and aminoguanidine (inducible NOS inhibitor) on antianxiety-like activity of gallic acid were also evaluated. Gallic acid (10 and 20 mg/kg) and alprazolam per se significantly showed antianxiety-like activity in both unstressed and stressed mice. The drugs did not show any significant effect on locomotor activity of the mice. Gallic acid significantly decreased the plasma nitrite levels in both unstressed and stressed mice. 7-nitroindazole and aminoguanidine significantly enhanced antianxiety-like activity and plasma nitrite decreasing effect of gallic acid in unstressed and stressed mice respectively. Plasma corticosterone levels were significantly decreased by gallic acid in stressed mice as compared to its control. Thus, gallic acid showed antianxiety-like activity in unstressed mice probably by inhibition of nNOS. On the other hand, antianxiety-like activity in stressed mice might be through inhibition of iNOS and reduction of plasma corticosterone levels.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antianxiety-Like Activity of Gallic Acid in Unstressed and Stressed Mice: Possible Involvement of Nitriergic System

2011

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“…Acute immobilization stress, as used in the present study, is reported to increase expression of iNOS in the brain cortex and leads to production of the stable nitric oxide metabolites (nitrite and nitrate) in both plasma and brain (4,33). The stressor used in the present study (6-h immobilization) has been found to increase TNF-α levels (4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Possible Underlying Influence of p38MAPK and NF-κB in the Diminished Anti-anxiety Effect of Diazepam in Stressed Mice

Sharma¹,

Gilhotra²,

Dhingra³

et al. 2011

J Pharmacol Sci

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Abstract. The present study was designed to explore the possible nitriergic influence and role of p38MAPK and NF-κB in the diminished anti-anxiety effect of diazepam in stressed mice, using the elevated plus maze and light/dark box to assess anxiety. Immobilization stress for 6 h enhanced an anxiety-like behavior and increased plasma nitrite levels in mice. Diazepam (2 mg/kg, i.p.) produced an anti-anxiety effect in unstressed mice, but could not produce any change in anxiety levels of stressed mice. SB-203580 (2 mg/kg, i.p.), a specific inhibitor of p38MAPK, per se produced a significant antianxiety-like activity in stressed mice. Administration of a combination of SB-203580 (2 mg/kg, i.p.) and diazepam (2 mg/kg) in stressed mice produced a significantly higher antianxiety-like activity than that produced by SB-203580 alone. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), an inhibitor of the activation of NF-κB, per se produced a significant antianxietylike activity in stressed mice. Combination of PDTC and diazepam also served to produce a higher significant antianxiety-like activity in stressed mice than that produced by PDTC alone. Diazepam could not produce any change in plasma nitrite levels in both unstressed and stressed mice. Both SB-203580 (2 mg/kg, i.p.) and PDTC (100 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly decreased plasma nitrite levels in stressed mice. The observations indicate that the diminished anti-anxiety effect of diazepam in stressed mice may involve strong nitriergic influence and may further be p38MAPK-and NF-κB-dependent.

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“…A differential role is played by neuronal and in-ducible isoforms of NOS in depression in mice under unstressed and stressed conditions. Acute restraint stress has been observed to significantly increase expression of iNOS and plasma nitrite levels in rodents [8][9][10] . Aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of inducible NOS, reversed stress-induced depression-like behavior in rats.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiolytic Antidepressant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Urena Lobata Leaf

S¹,

D²,

D³

2016

Int J Pharma Res Health Sci

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Mulberry leaves protect rat tissues from immobilization stress‐induced inflammation

Cited by 34 publications

References 31 publications

Antianxiety-Like Activity of Gallic Acid in Unstressed and Stressed Mice: Possible Involvement of Nitriergic System

Antianxiety-Like Activity of Gallic Acid in Unstressed and Stressed Mice: Possible Involvement of Nitriergic System

Possible Underlying Influence of p38MAPK and NF-κB in the Diminished Anti-anxiety Effect of Diazepam in Stressed Mice

Anxiolytic Antidepressant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Urena Lobata Leaf

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