“…Fruthermore, Baghizadeh et al (2015) , reported the synthesis of silver nanoparticles form marigold seed extracts with spherical shape and diameter of 5 to 25 nm. The active groups in AgNPs in our study similar to the same conclusion reported by Balakumaran et al, 2016 , El-Bendary et al, 2020 . The negative charge on the nanoparticles size ensure the the stability of the colloidal solutions.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 92%
“…Also, Phongtongpasuk et al (2016) reported that eco-friendly AgNPs fabricated by dragon fruit peels extract have antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus . El-Bendary et al (2020) found that silver nanoparticles have good performance against Candida species.…”
“…Fruthermore, Baghizadeh et al (2015) , reported the synthesis of silver nanoparticles form marigold seed extracts with spherical shape and diameter of 5 to 25 nm. The active groups in AgNPs in our study similar to the same conclusion reported by Balakumaran et al, 2016 , El-Bendary et al, 2020 . The negative charge on the nanoparticles size ensure the the stability of the colloidal solutions.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 92%
“…Also, Phongtongpasuk et al (2016) reported that eco-friendly AgNPs fabricated by dragon fruit peels extract have antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus . El-Bendary et al (2020) found that silver nanoparticles have good performance against Candida species.…”
“…Before each experiment, the strains were cultivated aerobically in 20 mL of nutrient broth (S. aureus, P. aeruginosa) at 37 • C and potato dextrose broth (C. albicans) at 28 • C for 24 h while shaken. All the experimental procedures were performed under aseptic conditions [59,60]. S. aureus MRSA was susceptible to vancomycin but completely resistant to the other antimicrobial drugs.…”
Section: Microorganisms and Culture Conditionsmentioning
The development of new antimicrobial strategies that act more efficiently than traditional antibiotics is becoming a necessity to combat multidrug-resistant pathogens. Here we report the efficacy of laser-light-irradiated 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(m-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (mTHPP) loaded onto an ethylcellulose (EC)/chitosan (Chs) nanocomposite in eradicating multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. Surface loading of the ethylcelllose/chitosan composite with mTHPP was carried out and the resulting nanocomposite was fully characterized. The results indicate that the prepared nanocomposite incorporates mTHPP inside, and that the composite acquired an overall positive charge. The incorporation of mTHPP into the nanocomposite enhanced the photo- and thermal stability. Different laser wavelengths (458; 476; 488; 515; 635 nm), powers (5–70 mW), and exposure times (15–45 min) were investigated in the antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) experiments, with the best inhibition observed using 635 nm with the mTHPP EC/Chs nanocomposite for C. albicans (59 ± 0.21%), P. aeruginosa (71.7 ± 1.72%), and S. aureus (74.2 ± 1.26%) with illumination of only 15 min. Utilization of higher doses (70 mW) for longer periods achieved more eradication of microbial growth.
“…FTIR confirmed the presence of protein biomolecules through free amide groups on the spectra. The size of the NPs ranges from 15 to 21 nm from dynamic light scattering (DLS) readings, and further examination was conducted using UV-vis, TEM, SEM and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) [ 72 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of Silver Nanoparticlesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… Precursor material Method of synthesis Colour λ max (nm) Size/shape of NPs Zeta potential Polydispersity index References Bacillus subtilis Biological Brown 420 to 430 20 nm/irregular, hexagonal, spherical -40 mV 0.331 [ 73 ] Nocardiopsis alba Biological Brown 420 32.5 nm/polydispersed, spherical NA NA [ 69 ] Honey Biological Brown 340 20-50 nm/spherical NA NA [ 71 ] Spirulina platensis and Oscillatoria sp. Biological Brown 432 14.42- 48.97 nm/spherical NA NA [ 9 ] Citrus limetta Biological NA NA 5 nm NA NA [ 8 ] NaBH 4 Chemical Yellow 401 14 nm/spherical NA NA [ 64 ] Mosquitocidal Bacilli Biological Brown 386-412 10-33 nm/consistent, hexagonal, spherical, oval and cuboidal -23.6 to -30.6 mV 0.313 -1.000 [ 72 ] Bacillus spp. Biological Brown 425 77-92 nm/triangular, hexagonal and spherical -16.6 Mv to -21.3mV NA [ 74 ] …”
Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of Silver Nanoparticlesmentioning
Viral diseases are prominent among the widely spread infections threatening human well-being. Real-life clinical successes of the few available therapeutics are challenged by pathogenic resistance and suboptimal delivery to target sites. Nanotechnology has aided the design of functionalised and non-functionalised Au and Ag nanobiomaterials through physical, chemical and biological (green synthesis) methods with improved antiviral efficacy and delivery. In this review, innovative designs, as well as interesting antiviral activities of the nanotechnology-inclined biomaterials of Au and Ag, reported in the last 5 years were critically overviewed against several viral diseases affecting man. These include influenza, respiratory syncytial, adenovirus, severe acute respiratory syndromes (SARS), rotavirus, norovirus, measles, chikungunya, HIV, herpes simplex virus, dengue, polio, enterovirus and rift valley fever virus. Notably identified among the nanotechnologically designed promising antiviral agents include
AuNP-M2e peptide vaccine
,
AgNP of cinnamon bark extract
and
AgNP of oseltamivir
for influenza,
PVP coated AgNP
for RSV,
PVP-AgNPs
for SARS-CoV-2,
AuNRs
of a
peptide pregnancy-induce hypertension
and
AuNP nanocarriers
of
antigen
for MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV respectively. Others are
AgNPs of collagen and
Bacillus subtilis
for rotavirus,
AgNPs labelled Ag30-SiO
2
for murine norovirus in water,
AuNPs
of
Allium sativum
and
AgNPs
of
ribavirin
for measles,
AgNPs of
Citrus limetta
and
Andrographis Paniculata
for Chikungunya,
AuNPs
of
efavirenz
and
stavudine
, and
AgNPs-curcumin
for HIV,
NPAuG3-S8
for HSV,
AgNPs of
Moringa oleifera
and
Bruguiera cylindrica
for dengue while
AgNPs
of
polyethyleneimine
and
siRNA
analogues displayed potency against enterovirus. The highlighted candidates are recommended for further translational studies towards antiviral therapeutic designs.
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