Multi-determination of Para red and Sudan dyes in egg by a broad specific antibody based enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

A novel conducting poly(p-aminobenzene sulphonic acid)-based electrochemical sensor for sensitive determination of Sudan I and its application for detection in food stuffs

“…To date, there have been many methods for the determination of Sudan I, including liquid chromatography (Chailapakul et al, 2008;Qi, Zeng, Wen, Liang, & Zhang, 2011;Qiao, Geng, He, Wu, & Pan, 2011;Xin et al, 2011;Yan et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2012), capillary electrophoresis (Mejia, Ding, Mora, & Garcia, 2007), immunoassay (Chang et al, 2011;Oplatowska, Stevenson, Schulz, Hartig, & Elliott, 2011;Wang, Yang, Ga, & Deng, 2011), high-resolution 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (Anibal, Ruisánchez, & Callao, 2011), partial filling micellar electrokinetic chromatography (Fukuji, Castro-Puyana, Tavares, & Cifuentes, 2011), and plasmon resonance light scattering (Wu, Li, Huang, & Zhang, 2006). The determination of Sudan I using these techniques shows high sensitivity, but they require expensive instruments, pre-treatment steps, skilled operators, and large quantity of organic solvents.…”

Interference-free determination of illegal dyes in sauces and condiments by matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) and liquid chromatography (HPLC–DAD)

“…Although sudan I-IV and carothenoids have different chemical structures other properties such as polarity, solubility and absorption spectra are very similar, making difficult the determination of sudans by HPLC in food matrices, so it is always necessary to carry out a laborious sample pretreatment steps to eliminate interferences. Different analytical methods have been reported in the literature for the determination of sudans (Rebane, Leito, Yurchenko, & Herodes, 2010), such as electrochemical (Chailapakul, Wonsawat, Siangproh, Grudpan, Zhao, & Zhu, 2008), capillary electrophoresis (Mejia, Ding, Mora, & Garcia, 2007), chemiluminescence (Chang et al, 2011) and immunoassays (Ju, Tang, Fan, & Chen, 2008), being liquid chromatography-diode array detection (LC-DAD) (Cornet, Govaert, Moens, Loco, & Degroodt, 2006;Long et al, 2011;Qi, Zeng, Wen, Liang, & Zhang, 2011;Uematsu, Ogimoto, Kabashima, Suzuki, & Ito, 2007;Yan, Wang, Qiao, & Yang, 2011) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) (Botek, Poutska, & Hajslová, 2007;Ferrer, Fernández-Alba, & Ferrer, 2007;Pardo, Yusá, León, & Pastor, 2009;Tateo & Bononi, 2004;Ma, Luo, Chen, Su, & Yao, 2006;Murty, Sridhara Chary, Prabhakar, Prasada Raju, & Vairamani, 2009) the preferred methods. Depending of the complexity of matrix, some pretreatment steps such as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) (Long et al, 2011;Zacharis, Kika, Tzanavaras, Rigas, & Kyranas, 2011), solid phase extraction (SPE) (Qi et al, 2011;Liu, Hei, He, & Li, 2011;Zhao, Zhao, Liu, & Zhang, 2010;Zheng, Wu, Feng, & Huang, 2011) or even MIP-SPE (Puoci, Garreffa, Iemma, Muzzalupo, Spizzirri, & Puoci, 2005;Baggiani et al, 2009) are necessary.…”

Estimation of Para Red Dye in Chilli Powder and Tomato Sauces by a Simple Spectrophotmetric Method followed by Thin layer Chromatography

“…However, recently a simultaneous determination of fat soluble synthetic colors sudan I-IV and para red in spices were successfully achieved isocratically in less than 5 min on the narrow bore monolithic column using HCOOH/acetonitrile as mobile phase (Zacharis et al, 2011). Other than the chromatographic method, a number of methods have been developed and validated for the estimation of para red and sudan dyes in various products with satisfactory results, including a heterologous ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) to simultaneously determine para red and sudan dyes in egg (Chang et al, 2011) and a spectrophotmetric method involving second order calibration algorithms that based on the second order spectra for Sudan I in chilli samples (Yuan et al, 2008). …”