Multi-disciplinary earthquake researches in Western Turkey: Hints to select sites to study geochemical transients associated to seismicity

Springwater chemical anomalies prior to the Mw = 7.2 Van Earthquake (Turkey)

“…Chemical changes recorded in the spring water do most probably reflect changes in the hydrological regime in the pre-earthquake strain field. · Inan et al (2010· Inan et al ( , 2012b) have recently noted that seasonal effects play a dominant role in soil gas radon emanation ( · Inan et al, 2012b), but little or none in water cations/anions contents ( · Inan et al, 2010).…”

“…Location of the commercially bottled EREK spring water is shown by a blue dot. ated with seismicity ( · Inan et al, 2007( · Inan et al, , 2008( · Inan et al, , 2010. Physical properties and chemical compositions of warm and hot springs and the soil radon release patterns were continuously monitored in these networks.…”

“…Numerous reports indicate that the response of fluid geochemistry to impending seismic events is highly site-specific with a huge variety of anomalies as regards duration, shape, polarity, parameters-association and delay/anticipation time with respect to foreshocks, main-shock and aftershocks (Scholz et al, 1973;Nur, 1974;Rikitake, 1976;Wakita et al, 1988;King et al, 1995;Italiano et al, 2004;Hartmann and Levy, 2006;Pulinets, 2007;· Inan et al, 2008· Inan et al, , 2010Uyeda et al, 2008;Freund, 2011;Grant et al, 2011 among many others). All these experimental observations and their theoretical basis highlighted the importance of judiciously selecting "sensible" sites as part of continuous monitoring networks.…”

“…Geochemical anomalies observed nearby seismic events are generally related to the alteration of the groundwater circulating system by the changes in the crustal stress/strain before earthquakes (e.g., Sugisaki et al, 1996;Tsunogai and Wakita, 1995;Toutain et al, 1997; e12 S. · Inan et al of micro-seismological monitoring by means of running dense seismology network ( · Inan et al, 2007( · Inan et al, , 2008( · Inan et al, , 2010. The area where Mw = 7.2 Van earthquake occurred on October 23rd 2011 ( Fig.…”

Microplate boundaries as obstacles to pre-earthquake strain transfer in Western Turkey: Inferences from continuous geochemical monitoring

“…In cooperation with the TUBITAK Marmara Research Center and the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality data pertaining to physical properties, to the chemical composition of warm and hot springs, and to soil radon release patterns were collected continuously as well as by discrete sampling on a daily basis. In particular the soil radon monitoring, which had begun in 2001 and continues today, has yielded some interesting insight into anomalies related to earthquakes in this seismically very active region of the North Anatolian Fault ( _ Inan et al, 2008). Starting in early 2007, the monitoring network was expanded to also cover the AEP ( _ Inan et al, 2007.…”