Multi-element cylindrical electrostatic lens systems for focusing and controlling charged particles

Sise, Omer; Ulu, Melike; Doğan, Mevlüt

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2005.08.068

Cited by 42 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This lens is composed of three cylindrical accelerator tube electrodes placed just after the ion source. The beam focus is achieved by setting the proper voltage in the middle electrode [8]. As the supply of this voltage is connected to the source potential, the voltage must be negative, so that the middle electrode can be biased with a voltage between the source and tube electrodes.…”

Section: Beam Focusingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle Accelerator Focus Automation

Lopes¹,

Rocha²,

Redondo³

et al. 2017

Measurement Science Review

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The Laboratório de Aceleradores e Tecnologias de Radiação (LATR) at the Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, of Instituto Superior Técnico (IST) has a horizontal electrostatic particle accelerator based on the Van de Graaff machine which is used for research in the area of material characterization. This machine produces alfa (He + ) and proton (H + ) beams of some µA currents up to 2 MeV/q energies. Beam focusing is obtained using a cylindrical lens of the Einzel type, assembled near the high voltage terminal. This paper describes the developed system that automatically focuses the ion beam, using a personal computer running the LabVIEW software, a multifunction input/output board and signal conditioning circuits. The focusing procedure consists of a scanning method to find the lens bias voltage which maximizes the beam current measured on a beam stopper target, which is used as feedback for the scanning cycle. This system, as part of a wider start up and shut down automation system built for this particle accelerator, brings great advantages to the operation of the accelerator by turning it faster and easier to operate, requiring less human presence, and adding the possibility of total remote control in safe conditions.

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Section: Beam Focusingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle Accelerator Focus Automation

Lopes¹,

Rocha²,

Redondo³

et al. 2017

Measurement Science Review

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show abstract

“…Among these optical tools, three-element electrostatic cylindrical lens systems are perfectly suited to use in collision experiments [3,4]. These lenses can be effectively operated with different magnifications while keeping the image points.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Series Artificial Neural Network Approach for Prediction of Optical Lens Properties

Işık

Isik

2016

Acta Phys. Pol. A

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Well-designed electrostatic cylindrical lenses are commonly used to control charged particles in atomic and molecular physics instruments such as electron guns and electron microscopes. The most commonly used of these, three-element electrostatic lenses are capable of keeping magnification constant for definite image position. The correct determination of focal and aberration characteristics of these lenses is very important for experimental studies. In this study, motions of electrons in three-element electrostatic cylindrical lenses have been investigated with nonlinear autoregressive exogenous based time series artificial neural network technique. The spherical and chromatic aberrations which affect the beam are also predicted with time series artificial neural network technique. This method is a mathematical model that emulates the biological neural networks. The basic working principle of time series artificial neural network technique is training of network with the known data and then prediction of the unknown data. Simulation results from SIMION 8.1 ray-tracing program are used as training and test data set. According to the results obtained from time series artificial neural network technique technique, a considerably agreement is found between simulation and artificial neural network technique prediction results. The study shows that such an artificial neural network model which has time advantage can be applicable to various electron and ion beam apparatus.

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“…Among the computer codes for simulating the extraction of space-charge-dominated ion beams from plasma ion sources are those described according to Whealton and Whitson (1980), Whealton et al (1988), Boers (1993), Spadtke (1983) and Becker and Herrmannsfeldt (1992). Electrostatic cylinder lenses are widely used to control beams of charged particles with different energies and directions in experiments covering many applications including electron spectroscopy, surface science and mass spectroscopy (Sise et al, 2007;2005), and find use in focused ion beam systems, where they are more effective than magnetic lenses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An electrostatic lens system for the deceleration of high intensity heavy ion beams

Abdelsalam¹,

Abdelrahman²,

Soliman³

2014

Int. J. Phys. Sci.

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This work focuses on the design and implementation of an electrostatic lens system to produce highintensity, low-energy ion beams, by means of numerical simulation of the beam trajectories (SIMION 7). The lens design was optimized using the simulation data obtained with a performance characteristics of the electrostatic lens system. This lens system maintains good beam focal quality for the deceleration of heavy ion beams of argon ions of with space charge of 10 mA. The beam emittance and beam diameter as a function of the gap width for a decel voltage of 45 kv of a deceleration lens system for a singly charged argon ion trajectories were investigated. A gap width of 5 mm and a tube diameter of 26 mm were found to be the minimum values. Also, a minimum of 24 mm of inner tube diameter was obtained for the relation between the inner tube diameter and the beam diameter. Beam emittance and beam diameter as a function of the focusing points for a decel voltage of 45 kv of a deceleration lens system for a singly charged argon ion trajectories was studied. A minimum of 455 mm was obtained at the outer exit of the deceleration lens system. While for the beam diameter, a minimum of 460 mm was deduced. It was found also that, a minimum of V decel = 43 kV, deceleration voltage was obtained for the relation between the deceleration voltage and beam emittance. Also, a minimum of V decel = 49 kV was found for the relation between the decelration voltage and beam diameter.

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Multi-element cylindrical electrostatic lens systems for focusing and controlling charged particles

Cited by 42 publications

References 51 publications

Particle Accelerator Focus Automation

Particle Accelerator Focus Automation

Time Series Artificial Neural Network Approach for Prediction of Optical Lens Properties

An electrostatic lens system for the deceleration of high intensity heavy ion beams

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